Insights Into Facial Surgery Trends in the United States in the Setting of Gender Dysphoria: A National Analysis From 2012 to 2019.

Introduction: Over the past decade, there has been an improvement in access to gender-affirming surgical care for the transgender population. Even with improvements, this population continues with a high level of inequity among access to specialized surgical care. While multiple studies have previously focused on trends among top and bottom surgery, this study provides trends specifically among facial gender affirmation surgery (FGAS) within the United States.

Class in Session: Analysis of GPT-4-created Plastic Surgery In-service Examination Questions.

Background: The Plastic Surgery In-Service Training Examination (PSITE) remains a critical milestone in residency training. Successful preparation requires extensive studying during an individual's residency. This study focuses on the capacity of Generative Pre-trained Transformer 4 (GPT-4) to generate PSITE practice questions.

Unveiling the Hidden Discrepancies Between Medicare Physician Reimbursement Rates and Inflation Across Different Surgical Specialties.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the trends of Medicare physician reimbursement from 2011 to 2021 and compare the rates across different surgical specialties.

Background: Knowledge of Medicare is essential because of its significant contribution in physician reimbursements. Previous studies across surgical specialties have demonstrated that Medicare, despite keeping up with inflation in some areas, has remained flat when accounting for physician reimbursement.

Impact of veteran-led peer mentorship on posttraumatic stress disorder.

Peer mentorship shows promise as a strategy to support veteran mental health. A community-academic partnership involving a veteran-led nonprofit organization and institutions of higher education evaluated a collaboratively developed peer mentor intervention. We assessed posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), postdeployment experiences, social functioning, and psychological strengths at baseline, midpoint, and 12-week discharge using the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), Deployment Risk and Resilience Inventory-2, Social Adaptation Self-evaluation Scale, and Values in Action Survey.

Impact of pH-adjusted fluoride and stannous solutions on the protective properties on the pellicle layer in vitro and in situ.

This study evaluates the ideal pH for anti-erosion and anti-adherent efficacy of fluoride and stannous solutions (sodium fluoride (SF), amine fluoride (AF), sodium monofluorophosphate (SMFP), stannous fluoride (SnF) with 500 ppm fluoride concentration each and stannous chloride (SnCl, 1563 ppm stannous)). In vitro, solutions were tested at pH 4.5 and 5.

Comparing Trends in Medicare Reimbursement and Inflation within Plastic Surgery Subspecialties.

Background: Over the past decade across multiple surgical specialties, Medicare reimbursement rates have remained stagnant, failing to keep pace with inflation. An internal comparison of subspecialties within plastic surgery has not yet been attempted. The goal of this study was to investigate the trends in reimbursement from 2010 to 2020 and compare across the subspecialties of plastic surgery.

Apigenin improves cytotoxicity of antiretroviral drugs against HTLV-1 infected cells through the modulation of AhR signaling.

Objectives: HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is a neuroinflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by high levels of infected immortalized T cells in circulation, which makes it difficult for antiretroviral (ART) drugs to work effectively. In previous studies, we established that Apigenin, a flavonoid, can exert immunomodulatory effects to reduce neuroinflammation. Flavonoids are natural ligands for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), which is a ligand activated endogenous receptor involved in the xenobiotic response.

The Cost of Doing Business: An Appraisal of Relative Value Units in Plastic Surgery and Other Surgical Subspecialties.

Background: The relationship between procedural complexity and relative value units (RVUs) awarded has been studied within some specialties, but it has not yet been compared across different surgical disciplines. This study aims to analyze the association of RVUs with operative time as a surrogate for complexity across surgical specialties, with a focus on plastic surgery.

Methods: A retrospective review of surgical cases was conducted with the 2019 National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database.

Identifying the Underlying Factors Associated With Patients' Attitudes Toward Antidepressants: Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Patient Drug Reviews.

Background: Nonadherence to antidepressants is a major obstacle to deriving antidepressants' therapeutic benefits, resulting in significant burdens on the individuals and the health care system. Several studies have shown that nonadherence is weakly associated with personal and clinical variables but strongly associated with patients' beliefs and attitudes toward medications. Patients' drug review posts in online health care communities might provide a significant insight into patients' attitude toward antidepressants and could be used to address the challenges of self-report methods such as patients' recruitment.

Coming Home to Family: Now Is the Time!

Family is a metaphor for the connectedness that occupational therapy practitioners and students feel for one another, for the American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA), and toward those served. Exploring values and cultural practices that emanate from family experiences affects how we practice occupational therapy and engage with families; how we serve and lead; and how, as the profession approaches its 100th anniversary in the United States, we strengthen AOTA by welcoming all 213,000 practitioners and students who could become active, engaged members. The heartfelt connections experienced across our worldwide occupational therapy communities, giving support and nurturance to those who show promise, breaking down barriers and creating community as extended family, creating a sense of home and belonging, encouraging participation, and building excellence, strengthen the AOTA family.

Engagement, Exploration, Empowerment.

Engagement, exploration, and empowerment are significant practice strategies used by occupational therapy practitioners as a means of getting to know what matters to clients and how to facilitate their participation in everyday life. Applied to the American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA) as an organization, professional engagement, exploration of new service contexts, and empowerment of members to take an active role in shaping the profession's future are examined. This address, given at the 2015 AOTA Annual Convention & Expo, looks to the future in terms of engaging greater numbers of members; participating in Vision 2025, a strategic planning initiative that will be unveiled at the 2016 AOTA Annual Conference & Expo; and empowering members to achieve excellence in occupational therapy.

Examining the lived experience and factors influencing education of two student veterans using photovoice methodology.

OBJECTIVE. We sought to understand the lived experience of 2 student veterans and identify factors influencing their higher education. METHOD.

[Relations between ethnicity and child malnutrition in rural Benin].

Unlabelled: Relations between ethnicity and child malnutrition in rural Benin.

Rationale: In a therapeutic feeding center in northern Benin, we found disparities between the three main ethnic groups in the proportions of children hospitalized; undernutrition seemed more frequent and severe in the Gando than in the Bariba and the Fulani groups. This survey sought to identify risk factors for malnutrition.

Combination of angiographic and clinical characteristics for the prediction of clinical outcomes in patients undergoing unprotected left main coronary artery stenting.

Background: Risk stratification is essential for the clinical decision-making process in patients undergoing revascularization of the unprotected left main coronary artery (ULMCA), since the optimal revascularization strategy still remains subject of ongoing debate.

Objectives: To assess the prognostic value of angiographic versus clinical characteristics for the prediction of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and to develop a combined risk model.

Methods: In 115 patients, who were followed up for MACE after ULMCA stenting, SYNTAX score and EuroSCORE have been calculated for a combined risk model.

[Infant-juvenile malnutrition in Fo-Boure (Benin): Anthropometric data and management of malnourished children].

Unlabelled: Acute malnutrition or emaciation in childhood is defined by a low ratio weight/height. In Benin, 8% of the children are concerned. In the north of Benin, the situation is alarming.

[Tropical ecopathology: up hill and down dale Buruli ulcer].

Buruli ulcer (Mycobacterium ulcerans) sees its incidence increase particularly in West Africa. Our Non Governmental Organization (Projet Humanitaire Afrique Nord Sud) studied the distribution of cutaneous ulcer (of which Buruli ulcer) between a flooded site (Bonou) and a dry site (Ketou) in Benin. The ratio "prevalence of Buruli ulcer in our patients of Bonou on prevalence of Buruli ulcer in our patients of Ketou" was 7.

An evidence-based and occupational perspective of interventions for persons with substance-use disorders.

An interdisciplinary evidence-based review of interventions among persons with substance-use disorders was completed in 2001 as part of American Occupational Therapy Association's (AOTA's) Evidence-Based Literature Review Project (Lieberman & Scheer, 2002). Four effective interventions for adults and adolescents with substance use were identified, including brief interventions, cognitive behavioral therapy, motivational strategies, and 12-step programs. The research studies reviewed reported outcomes primarily related to reduction in alcohol and drug use.

[Declared diseases, observed diseases and health priorities in a Benin rural district].

A project of a humanitarian action was preceded by a health diagnosis of a population in the rural district Bonou in Bénin. A diagnosis of perception was set up by the interviews among the population and the local health professionals. That diagnosis was completed by an objectified diagnosis originating from the analysis of 460 consultations performed in Bénin end 1998- beginning 1999.