Proatherosclerotic Effect of the α1-Subunit of Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase by Promoting Smooth Muscle Phenotypic Switching.

Soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), a key enzyme of the nitric oxide signaling pathway, is formed as a heterodimer by various isoforms of its α and β subunit. GUCY1A3, encoding the α1 subunit, was identified as a risk gene for coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction, but its specific contribution to atherosclerosis remains unclear. This study sought to decipher the role of Gucy1a3 in atherosclerosis in mice.

Knock-out of nexilin in mice leads to dilated cardiomyopathy and endomyocardial fibroelastosis.

Cardiomyopathy is one of the most common causes of chronic heart failure worldwide. Mutations in the gene encoding nexilin (NEXN) occur in patients with both hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM); however, little is known about the pathophysiological mechanisms and relevance of NEXN to these disorders. Here, we evaluated the functional role of NEXN using a constitutive Nexn knock-out (KO) mouse model.

Disclosure as an interaction: why lesbian athletes disclose their sexual identities in intercollegiate sport.

Over the years, the number of gay, bisexual, and lesbian athletes who have disclosed their sexual identities has been increasing. Given that sport has traditionally been defined as a heterosexist institution, this pattern is deserving of attention and investigation ( Anderson, 2001 ). In response, the present study examines why intercollegiate lesbian athletes disclose their sexual identities in the sport context.

Transmyocardial laser revascularization combined with intramyocardial endothelial progenitor cell transplantation in patients with intractable ischemic heart disease ineligible for conventional revascularization: preliminary results in a highly selected small patient cohort.

Objective: Transmyocardial laser revascularization for angina relief and intramyocardial autologous endothelial progenitor cell injection for neoangiogenesis may offer a new treatment strategy for patients with intractable ischemic heart disease.

Methods: Transmyocardial laser revascularization and intramyocardial injection of bone marrow-derived CD133+ cells was performed in six highly symptomatic patients. Transmyocardial laser channels were created and isolated CD133+ cells were injected intramyocardially.

Laser printing of skin cells and human stem cells.

Laser printing based on laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) is a new biofabrication technique for the arrangement of biological materials or living cells in well-defined patterns. In the current study, skin cell lines (fibroblasts/keratinocytes) and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) were chosen for laser printing experiments due to their high potential in regeneration of human skin and new application possibilities of stem cell therapy. To evaluate the influence of LIFT on the cells, their survival rate, their proliferation and apoptotic activity, and the DNA damages and modifications of their cell surface markers were assessed and statistically evaluated over several days.

Low-dose oral metronomic chemotherapy prevents mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells into the blood of cancer patients.

Unlabelled: Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) actively supply cells that may participate in tumor angiogenesis. The differing effects of low-dose metronomic trofosfamide as opposed to conventional dose-dense chemotherapy on plasma levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the numbers of circulating EPC are reported.

Patients And Methods: Blood samples were obtained from cancer patients, 18 receiving oral metronomic chemotherapy of trofosfamide with or without celecoxib, and 24 receiving conventional dose-dense chemotherapy, eight of them in adjuvant intention.

Vasculogeneic maturation of E14 embryonic stem cells with evidence of early vascular endothelial growth factor independency.

Murine embryonic stem cells (ESC) provide a unique homogeneous cell system for studying early vasculogenic cell differentiation in vitro. In this report, we characterized endothelial development of cultured E14 ESCs and mapped the effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on these cells. After removal of leukemia inhibitory factor undifferentiated state ESCs were precultured for 6 days and then cultured for up to 30 days in differentiation culture medium, with or without supplemental VEGF.

Bone marrow-derived endothelial cells contribute to angiogenesis in murine WEHI and JC tumors.

The goal of this study was to determine the contribution of bone marrow-derived circulating endothelial progenitor cells to the formation of endothelial cell linings of tumor vessel walls. The proportion of male endothelial cells in female JC and WEHI tumors was measured in male BALB/c mice and in female mice displaying complete marrow chimerism, after receiving male bone marrow cells. The gender origin of the perivascular endothelial cells was determined by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis of adjacent cuts of the tumors, using CD31 and Y-chromosomes as markers.

Improved hematopoietic stem cell engraftment following ex vivo expansion of murine marrow cells with SCF and Flt3L.

Background: In vitro incubation of murine BM cells with IL-3, IL-6, IL-11 and SCF induces expansion of HPC but fails to preserve 'engraftability' in comparison with normal untreated marrow cells. We studied how culturing marrow cells for 48 and 72 h with a combination of the cytokines SCF and Flt3L influences cell expansion and engraftability.

Methods: Competitive repopulation of lethally irradiated C57BL/6 mice was used to examine engraftability of ex vivo cytokine-expanded Ptprc chimeric BM.

Metronomic trofosfamide inhibits progression of human lung cancer xenografts by exerting anti-angiogenic effects.

Background: Recent studies of conventional chemotherapeutic drugs administered in metronomic therapy schedules showed remarkable inhibitory effects on tumor angiogenesis. Subsequent and prolonged tumor regression was achieved moreover by circumventing acquired drug resistance. In this study, metronomic and conventional trofosfamide were compared on human NSCLC xenograft "LX-1.