Study protocol designed to investigate tumour response to calcium electroporation in cancers affecting the skin: a non-randomised phase II clinical trial.

Introduction: Skin malignancy is a distressing problem for many patients, and clinical management is challenging. This article describes the protocol for the Calcium Electroporation Response Study (CaEP-R) designed to investigate tumour response to calcium electroporation and is a descriptive guide to calcium electroporation treatment of malignant tumours in the skin. Calcium electroporation is a local treatment that induces supraphysiological intracellular calcium levels by intratumoural calcium administration and application of electrical pulses.

Calcium Electroporation of Equine Sarcoids.

Sarcoids are common equine skin tumors where the risk of recurrence after treatment is high, and better treatment options are warranted. Calcium electroporation is a novel anti-cancer treatment where lethally high calcium concentrations are introduced into the cells by electroporation, a method where short high-voltage pulses induce transient permeabilization of the cell membrane. This study investigated the safety and long-term response of calcium electroporation on sarcoids.

A Comprehensive Review of Calcium Electroporation -A Novel Cancer Treatment Modality.

Calcium electroporation is a potential novel anti-cancer treatment where high calcium concentrations are introduced into cells by electroporation, a method where short, high voltage pulses induce transient permeabilisation of the plasma membrane allowing passage of molecules into the cytosol. Calcium is a tightly regulated, ubiquitous second messenger involved in many cellular processes including cell death. Electroporation increases calcium uptake leading to acute and severe ATP depletion associated with cancer cell death.

[Electroporation-based therapies in the treatment of cancer].

Electroporation is a method to permeabilise cell membranes. It can be categorised as 1) reversible electroporation in order to increase the uptake of therapeutic molecules such as chemotherapy, calcium, or DNA, or 2) irreversible electroporation where the cell is permeabilised extensively, and both methods are used in cancer treatment. The treatment is brief and is performed under local or general anaesthesia.

Correction: Calcium electroporation for treatment of sarcoma in preclinical studies.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24352.

A Review on Differences in Effects on Normal and Malignant Cells and Tissues to Electroporation-Based Therapies: A Focus on Calcium Electroporation.

Calcium electroporation is a potential novel anticancer treatment, where high concentrations of calcium are introduced into the cell cytosol by electroporation. This is a method where short, high-voltage pulses induce a transient permeabilization of the cell membrane and thereby allow influx and efflux of ions and molecules. Electroporation is used in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs (electrochemotherapy) as a standard treatment for cutaneous metastases, and electroporation using a higher electric field and number of pulses (irreversible electroporation) is increasingly being used as an anticancer treatment.

Calcium electroporation for treatment of sarcoma in preclinical studies.

Calcium electroporation (CaEP) describes the use of electric pulses (electroporation) to transiently permeabilize cells to allow supraphysiological doses of calcium to enter the cytosol. Calcium electroporation has successfully been investigated for treatment of cutaneous metastases in a clinical study. This preclinical study explores the possible use of calcium electroporation for treatment of sarcoma.

Normal and Malignant Cells Exhibit Differential Responses to Calcium Electroporation.

Calcium electroporation may offer a simple general tool for anticancer therapy. Transient permeabilization of cancer cell membranes created by applying short, high-voltage pulses in tumors enables high calcium influxes that trigger cell death. In this study, we compared the relative sensitivity of different human tumor models and normal tissues to calcium electroporation.

Effect of calcium electroporation in combination with metformin in vivo and correlation between viability and intracellular ATP level after calcium electroporation in vitro.

Background: Calcium electroporation is a new experimental anti-cancer treatment where calcium is internalized into cells by application of short, high voltage pulses. Calcium electroporation has been shown to induce tumor necrosis associated with ATP depletion while the effect on normal fibroblasts was limited when investigated in a 3D in vitro spheroid model. We aimed to investigate the effect of calcium electroporation in combination with metformin, a drug that affects intracellular ATP level.

Difference in Membrane Repair Capacity Between Cancer Cell Lines and a Normal Cell Line.

Electroporation-based treatments and other therapies that permeabilize the plasma membrane have been shown to be more devastating to malignant cells than to normal cells. In this study, we asked if a difference in repair capacity could explain this observed difference in sensitivity. Membrane repair was investigated by disrupting the plasma membrane using laser followed by monitoring fluorescent dye entry over time in seven cancer cell lines, an immortalized cell line, and a normal primary cell line.

Calcium Electroporation: Evidence for Differential Effects in Normal and Malignant Cell Lines, Evaluated in a 3D Spheroid Model.

Background: Calcium electroporation describes the use of high voltage electric pulses to introduce supraphysiological calcium concentrations into cells. This promising method is currently in clinical trial as an anti-cancer treatment. One very important issue is the relation between tumor cell kill efficacy-and normal cell sensitivity.

Dose-dependent ATP depletion and cancer cell death following calcium electroporation, relative effect of calcium concentration and electric field strength.

Background: Electroporation, a method for increasing the permeability of membranes to ions and small molecules, is used in the clinic with chemotherapeutic drugs for cancer treatment (electrochemotherapy). Electroporation with calcium causes ATP (adenosine triphosphate) depletion and cancer cell death and could be a novel cancer treatment. This study aims at understanding the relationship between applied electric field, calcium concentration, ATP depletion and efficacy.

Calcium electroporation in three cell lines: a comparison of bleomycin and calcium, calcium compounds, and pulsing conditions.

Background: Electroporation with calcium (calcium electroporation) can induce ATP depletion-associated cellular death. In the clinical setting, the cytotoxic drug bleomycin is currently used with electroporation (electrochemotherapy) for palliative treatment of tumors. Calcium electroporation offers several advantages over standard treatment options: calcium is inexpensive and may readily be applied without special precautions, as is the case with cytostatic drugs.

[Multiple self-healing squamous epithelioma is an inherited self-healing skin cancer condition].

Multiple self-healing squamous epithelioma - Ferguson-Smith disease (MSSE) is an autosomal dominant inherited disease with multiple, recurrent, histologically malignant tumours that undergo spontaneous regression. The gene for MSSE has recently been identified as the transforming growth factor-beta receptor 1 (TGFBR1). Although rare, MSSE constitutes an important model of tumour-biology research.

Direct therapeutic applications of calcium electroporation to effectively induce tumor necrosis.

Electroporation of cells with short, high-voltage pulses causes a transient permeabilization of cell membranes that permits passage of otherwise nonpermeating ions and molecules. In this study, we illustrate how electroporation with isotonic calcium can achieve highly effective cancer cell kill in vivo. Calcium electroporation elicited dramatic antitumor responses in which 89% of treated tumors were eliminated.