Western life courses challenged in life stories collected in contemporary China.

Introduction: The life course describes the progression of life as a social role, from birth to death. Traditional Western life-history studies of the life course usually describe a continuous lifeline with occasional interruptions in between. The extraordinary temporal events of the Anti-Japanese War (AJW), Civil War (CW), Great Famine (GF), Cultural Revolution (CR), and the Reform and Opening-up of China in just few decades mean that the life history of contemporary Chinese older adults may be quite different from those of their western peers.

Healthcare resource utilisation and costs associated with a heart failure diagnosis: a retrospective, population-based cohort study in Sweden.

Objectives: To examine healthcare resource use (HRU) and costs among heart failure (HF) patients using population data from Sweden.

Design: Retrospective, non-interventional cohort study.

Setting: Two cohorts were identified from linked national health registers (cohort 1, 2005-2014) and electronic medical records (cohort 2, 2010-2012; primary/secondary care patients from Uppsala and Västerbotten).

Nurses' Roles and Experiences with Enhancing Adherence to Tuberculosis Treatment among Patients in Burundi: A Qualitative Study.

Background. In TB control, poor treatment adherence is a major cause of relapse and drug resistance. Nurses have a critical role in supporting patients in TB treatment process.

Adenosine and the regulation of metabolism and body temperature.

Adenosine levels are increased under conditions of energy deprivation, both because intracellular energy stores are reduced and because ATP is released. The adenosine thus formed can serve to influence energy homeostasis in a number of different ways, besides alterations in blood supply and cellular work (including contraction, maintenance of membrane potential, and biosynthesis), which will be covered in other chapters. Here, effects on energy homeostasis will be briefly reviewed.

Sense of security among people aged 65 and 75: external and inner sources of security.

Aim: This paper is a report of a study exploring possible external and inner sources of the sense of security felt by older people aged 65 and 75. Background.  The concept of 'security' has been parsimoniously defined and explored, especially as pertains to older people, and previous research has primarily focused on risks in relation to individuals' declining health and functional ability.

Reversal of obesity and insulin resistance by a non-peptidic glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist in diet-induced obese mice.

Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is recognized as an important regulator of glucose homeostasis. Efforts to utilize GLP-1 mimetics in the treatment of diabetes have yielded clinical benefits. A major hurdle for an effective oral therapy has been the difficulty of finding a non-peptidic GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist.

Trikaryon formation and nuclear selection in pairings between heterokaryons and homokaryons of the root rot pathogen Heterobasidion parviporum.

Pairings between heterokaryons and homokaryons of Agaricomycete fungi (he-ho pairings) can lead to either heterokaryotization of the homokaryon or displacement of the homokaryotic nucleus through migration of nuclei from the heterokaryon into the homokaryon. In species of Agaricomycetes with multinucleate cells (>2 nuclei per cell), he-ho pairings could result in the stable or transient formation of a hypha with three genetically different nuclei (trikaryons). In this study, he-ho pairings were conducted using the multinucleate Agaricomycete Heterobasidion parviporum to determine whether trikaryons can be formed in the laboratory and whether nuclear genotype affects migration and heterokaryon formation.

Genetic variance in the adiponutrin gene family and childhood obesity.

Aim: The adiponutrin gene family consists of five genes (PNPLA1-5) coding for proteins with both lipolytic and lipogenic properties. PNPLA3 has previously been associated with adult obesity. Here we investigated the possible association between genetic variants in these genes and childhood and adolescent obesity.

Adenosine A1 receptors regulate lipolysis and lipogenesis in mouse adipose tissue-interactions with insulin.

Adenosine acting at adenosine A1 receptors is considered to be one major regulator of adipose tissue physiology. We have examined the role of adenosine and its interactions with insulin in adipose tissue by using A1R knock out (-/-) mice. Removal of endogenous adenosine with adenosine deaminase caused lipolysis in A1R (+/+), but not A1R (-/-) adipocytes.

Caring while living apart.

In recent years, researchers have paid increasing attention to the issue of care in the new types of family and partner relationships. The aim of this study is to examine expectations and attitudes concerning care among elderly people in LAT (Living Apart Together)- relationships in Sweden, that is, people who have a long-term intimate relationship, but who do not share a common home. Questionnaires were completed by 116 elderly people in LAT-relationships.

A1 receptor deficiency causes increased insulin and glucagon secretion in mice.

Adenosine influences metabolism and the adenosine receptor antagonist caffeine decreases the risk of type 2 diabetes. In this study the metabolic role of one adenosine receptor subtype, the adenosine A(1)R, was evaluated in mice lacking this receptor [A(1)R (-/-)]. The HbA1c levels and body weight were not significantly different between wild type [A(1)R (+/+)] and A(1)R (-/-) mice (3-4 months) fed normal lab chow.

Evidence against adenosine analogues being agonists at the growth hormone secretagogue receptor.

Adenosine and adenosine analogues have been reported to act as agonists or partial agonists at the growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a (GHSR1a). We have re-examined this question. A concentration-dependent increase in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) was observed in GHSR1a transfected HEK 293-EBNA cells stimulated with adenosine (EC50: 0.