The feasibility of quantitative MRI of extra-ocular muscles in myasthenia gravis and Graves' orbitopathy.

Although quantitative MRI can be instrumental in the diagnosis and assessment of disease progression in orbital diseases involving the extra-ocular muscles (EOM), acquisition can be challenging as EOM are small and prone to eye-motion artefacts. We explored the feasibility of assessing fat fractions (FF), muscle volumes and water T2 (T2 ) of EOM in healthy controls (HC), myasthenia gravis (MG) and Graves' orbitopathy (GO) patients. FF, EOM volumes and T2 values were determined in 12 HC (aged 22-65 years), 11 MG (aged 28-71 years) and six GO (aged 28-64 years) patients at 7 T using Dixon and multi-echo spin-echo sequences.

Visual outcomes endorse surgery of patients with spheno-orbital meningioma with minimal visual impairment or hyperostosis.

Abtract: BACKGROUND: Most spheno-orbital meningioma series span multiple decades, and predictors of visual outcomes have not yet been systemically assessed. We describe visual outcomes in a recent cohort and assess predictors of postoperative visual outcomes.

Methods: Consecutive case series operated by a team of a neurosurgeon and orbital surgeon between May 2015 and January 2019.

Surgery as a safe and effective treatment option for spheno-orbital meningioma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of surgical techniques and outcomes.

Purpose: The effectiveness and safety of surgery for spheno-orbital meningiomas remains subject of debate, as studies often describe different surgical approaches and reconstruction techniques with very heterogeneous outcomes. We aimed to systematically summarize and analyse the literature on spheno-orbital meningiomas regarding presenting symptoms, surgical techniques, outcomes and complications.

Methods: Studies were retrieved from eight databases.

MR and CT Imaging of the Normal Eyelid and its Application in Eyelid Tumors.

T-staging of most eyelid malignancies includes the assessment of the integrity of the tarsal plate and orbital septum, which are not clinically accessible. Given the contribution of MRI in the characterization of orbital tumors and establishing their relations to nearby structures, we assessed its value in identifying different eyelid structures in 38 normal eyelids and evaluating tumor extension in three cases of eyelid tumors. As not all patients can receive an MRI, we evaluated those same structures on CT and compared both results.

Patients With Isolated Craniofacial Dysplasia Report Better Quality of Life Compared With Those With Craniofacial Dysplasia and Extracranial Involvement.

Purpose: Craniofacial fibrous dysplasia (CFD) is a subtype of fibrous dysplasia/McCune-Albright syndrome (FD/MAS) characterized by FD lesions in one or more of the skull bones. The orbit is often involved, with facial pain, facial deformity, and increased risk of compressive optic neuropathy as associated clinical manifestations possibly leading to altered illness perceptions and impairments in quality of life(QoL). The aim of this study was to evaluate illness perceptions and QoL in patients with CFD among our FD/MAS cohort.

A pan-inflammatory microRNA-cluster is associated with orbital non-Hodgkin lymphoma and idiopathic orbital inflammation.

Non-Hodgkin orbital lymphoma (NHOL) and idiopathic orbital inflammation (IOI) are common orbital conditions with largely unknown pathophysiology that can be difficult to diagnose. In this study we aim to identify serum miRNAs associated with NHOL and IOI. We performed OpenArray miRNA profiling in 33 patients and controls.

Two Late Recurrences of Conjunctival Melanoma.

Purpose: To report a patient who developed two late recurrences of conjunctival melanoma (CoM), of which one occurred after orbital exenteration.

Methods: We describe the case of a patient based on clinical and histopathological examination.

Results: A 52-year-old patient was treated with local excision and cryotherapy for a CoM with primary acquired melanosis (PAM) near the limbus of the right eye.

Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy: long-term experience and outcomes.

Purpose: To report our experience in endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy in treating nasolacrimal duct obstruction over a 14-year period.

Methods: Retrospective case series carried out over a 14-year period from 1999 to 2014. A total of 624 endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy procedures were performed in 442 patients who were diagnosed with persistent epiphora.

Clinical evaluation of ultra-high-field MRI for three-dimensional visualisation of tumour size in uveal melanoma patients, with direct relevance to treatment planning.

Objectives: To assess the tumour dimensions in uveal melanoma patients using 7-T ocular MRI and compare these values with conventional ultrasound imaging to provide improved information for treatment options.

Materials And Methods: Ten uveal melanoma patients were examined on a 7-T MRI system using a custom-built eye coil and dedicated 3D scan sequences to minimise eye-motion-induced image artefacts. The maximum tumour prominence was estimated from the three-dimensional images and compared with the standard clinical evaluation from 2D ultrasound images.

Parallax-free exophthalmometry: a comprehensive review of the literature on clinical exophthalmometry and the introduction of the first parallax-free exophthalmometer.

Purpose: To present the first parallax-free exophthalmometer design.

Background: Exophthalmometry is an important clinical tool. We provide a historic overview of clinical exophthalmometer designs, and we review current problems encountered in exophthalmometry.

[A man with optic disc swelling].

A 60-year-old man presented with deterioration of vision in his right eye. Funduscopic examination showed bilateral optic disc swelling. Ultrasonography revealed optic disc drusen.

Lutein and zeaxanthin measured separately in the living human retina with fundus reflectometry.

Purpose: To separately measure the optical densities of lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z) in the human retina in vivo. L and Z are the basic constituents of the macular pigment (MP).

Methods: Spectral fundus reflectance was measured in 23 subjects (group 1) at 0 degrees , 1 degrees , 2 degrees , 4 degrees , and 8 degrees eccentricity with a modified macular pigment reflectometer.