Case report: A rare cause of intestinal perforation in a third-trimester pregnant woman.

Background: An acute abdomen is a medical emergency that requires early diagnosis and treatment. In pregnancy, this process is significantly more challenging, and radiological findings are sometimes unclear due to the enlarged uterus displacing other structures. Moreover, endometriosis-related complications are rare, and the disease is often undiagnosed.

Seasonal fluctuations of litter and soil Collembola and their drivers in rainforest and plantation systems.

Rainforest conversion and expansion of plantations in tropical regions change local microclimate and are associated with biodiversity decline. Tropical soils are a hotspot of animal biodiversity and may sensitively respond to microclimate changes, but these responses remain unexplored. To address this knowledge gap, here we investigated seasonal fluctuations in density and community composition of Collembola, a dominant group of soil invertebrates, in rainforest, and in rubber and oil palm plantations in Jambi province (Sumatra, Indonesia).

Transformation scenarios towards multifunctional landscapes: A multi-criteria land-use allocation model applied to Jambi Province, Indonesia.

In tropical regions, shifting from forests and traditional agroforestry to intensive plantations generates conflicts between human welfare (farmers' demands and societal needs) and environmental protection. Achieving sustainability in this transformation will inevitably involve trade-offs between multiple ecological and socioeconomic functions. To address these trade-offs, our study used a new methodological approach allowing the identification of transformation scenarios, including theoretical landscape compositions that satisfy multiple ecological functions (i.

Liver metastases in renal cell carcinoma: The vascularization pattern and the wash out phenomenon.

The wash out behavior of focal liver lesions in contrast-enhanced ultrasound plays a central role in tumor classification. Besides hepatocellular carcinomas, other hypervascular tumor entities like renal cell carcinomas may also show a very late wash out, possibly caused by portal-venous tumor vessels. There is need to observe long enough in the late phase in order to classify them correctly.

Land-use change shifts and magnifies seasonal variations of the decomposer system in lowland tropical landscapes.

Deforestation and agricultural expansion in the tropics affect local and regional climatic conditions, leading to synergistic negative impacts on land ecosystems. Climatic changes manifest in increased inter- and intraseasonal variations and frequency of extreme climatic events (i.e.

Dataset on microclimate and drone-based thermal patterns within an oil palm agroforestry system.

Microclimate and Land Surface Temperature (LST) are important analytical variables used to understand complex oil palm agroforestry systems and their effects on biodiversity and ecosystem functions. In order to examine experimental effects of tree species richness (0, 1, 2, 3 or 6), plot size (25 m, 100 m, 400 m, 1600 m) and stand structural complexity on microclimate and Land Surface Temperature, related data were collected following a strict design. The experiment was carried out in the Jambi province, in Sumatra (Indonesia), as part of the collaborative project EFForTS [Ecological and Socioeconomic Functions of Tropical Lowland Rainforest Transformation Systems].

[Successful pembrolizumab therapy in metastasized adenosquamous carcinoma of the colon].

Adenosquamous carcinoma (ASqC) is an exceedingly rare subtype of colorectal cancer without any known special guidelines for treatment. The biological behaviour and molecular background are widely unknown, although a few case studies report a worse prognosis compared to ordinary colorectal adenocarcinoma. We herein report for the first time the successful immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in a 40-year-old patient suffering from metastasized right-sided colonic ASqC with unique molecular features, after having previously progressed under standard chemotherapy.

Spatiotemporal variability in surface energy balance across tundra, snow and ice in Greenland.

The surface energy balance (SEB) is essential for understanding the coupled cryosphere-atmosphere system in the Arctic. In this study, we investigate the spatiotemporal variability in SEB across tundra, snow and ice. During the snow-free period, the main energy sink for ice sites is surface melt.

Treatment of hyperprolactinaemia reduces total cholesterol and LDL in patients with prolactinomas.

Previous studies suggest that hyperprolactinaemia might have adverse effects on lipid and glucose metabolism. We therefore aimed to evaluate whether dopamine agonist treatment with cabergoline has significant effects on blood lipids, fasting glucose and HbA1c levels in patients with micro- or macroprolactinoma. In this retrospective observational study the main outcome measures are changes in parameters of glucose and lipid metabolism compared at hyperprolactinaemia and after achievement of normoprolactinaemia by cabergoline treatment.

Effect of eplerenone on parathyroid hormone levels in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism: results from the EPATH randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Accumulating evidence points toward mutual interaction between parathyroid hormone (PTH) and aldosterone as potential mechanism for increasing cardiovascular risk in primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT).

Methods: The Eplerenone on parathyroid hormone levels in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (EPATH) trial is a single-center, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trial. The primary aim is to evaluate the effects of the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist eplerenone on plasma intact PTH (iPTH) concentration in patients with pHPT.

Folate deficiency and over-supplementation causes impaired folate metabolism: Regulation and adaptation mechanisms in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Scope: Impaired folate metabolism increases the risk of birth defects, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis and cancer. We used Caenorhabditis elegans to investigate impaired folate metabolism by RNA interference of key enzymes in the methionine synthase (MS) and thymidylate synthase (TS) cycle and by folate deficiency and over-supplementation feeding studies.

Methods And Results: Folate status is influenced by genetic variations (polymorphisms), folate deficiency and supplementation.

Fluconazole and acetazolamide in the treatment of ectopic Cushing's syndrome with severe metabolic alkalosis.

Unlabelled: Cushing's syndrome (CS) due to ectopic ACTH production accounts for about 10% of all types of CS and is frequently associated with metabolic alkalosis. Treatment of CS involves surgical resection and/or medical therapy to control hypercortisolism. We present the case of an 80-year-old woman affected by CS due to an unknown cause.

Homoarginine in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism.

Background: Low levels of the amino acid homoarginine and parathyroid hormone (PTH) excess are both independently related to an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Accumulating evidence points to a mutual interplay between homoarginine and PTH. The authors therefore aimed to investigate circulating homoarginine levels in patients with and without primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT).

Loss of PTEN is associated with elevated EGFR and HER2 expression and worse prognosis in salivary gland cancer.

Background: Activity of the tumour-suppressor gene PTEN is reduced in different types of cancer and implicates non-responsiveness to targeted therapy. This study evaluates the gene and protein status of PTEN in salivary gland carcinomas.

Methods: A total of 287 carcinomas of the major and minor salivary glands were investigated for phosphatase and tensin homologue located on chromosome 10 (PTEN) deletion and loss of PTEN expression using fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC), respectively.

EGFR, HER2, survivin, and loss of pSTAT3 characterize high-grade malignancy in salivary gland cancer with impact on prognosis.

Increased gene copy number (high polysomy or amplification) of EGFR and HER2 has evolved as a predictor for response to targeted therapy. STAT3 and the apoptosis inhibitor survivin represent distinct oncogenes in various human neoplasms. The purpose of this study was to evaluate protein and gene status of these biomarkers by immunohistochemistry and dual color fluorescence in situ hybridization on tissue microarrays of 286 salivary gland carcinomas in the context of clinical and histopathologic characteristics.

Salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma is a clinically, morphologically and genetically heterogeneous entity: a clinicopathological study of 40 cases with emphasis on grading, histological variants and presence of the t(11;19) translocation.

Aims: To correlate World Health Organization (WHO) grade, patient's outcome and presence of t(11;19) to histological tumour variants in 40 well-characterized mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MECs).

Methods And Results: MECs were classified as 'classical' based on the presence of equal proportions of the three cell types or the dominance (≥50%) of mucous cells together with at least one other cell type, and as 'variant' if composed of ≥80% of a single non-mucous cell type. Classical MECs were more common (n=23).

[Salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma: unusual variants with detection of the t(11,19)(q21;p13) translocation].

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) represents the most common malignant salivary gland tumour. Based on the proportion of their constituent cell types, MECs may display a wide morphological spectrum, thereby mimicking diverse types of other primary salivary gland carcinomas. The correct diagnosis relies on demonstration of classical MEC features, assisted by histochemical and immunohistochemical stains in equivocal cases.

Long-term follow-up of patients with pituitary macroadenomas after postoperative radiation therapy: analysis of tumor control and functional outcome.

Purpose: Evaluation of long-term tumor control, normalization of hormonal hypersecretion, including incidence and time course of pituitary dysfunction following postoperative radiotherapy of pituitary macroadenomas.

Patients And Methods: In a retrospective study, the data of 87 patients with pituitary macroadenomas (61 non-secreting adenomas, 26 secreting adenomas) treated between 1984 and 1994 were analyzed. All patients underwent surgery and received postoperative external-beam radiotherapy with a mean dose of 50.

Interaction between psychotropic drugs and thyroid hormone metabolism--an overview.

Psychotropic drugs can influence synthesis and metabolism of thyroid hormones at different sites. Generally, lithium, tricyclic antidepressants and phenothiazines lead to a reduction in synthesis and/or metabolism of thyroid hormones. The induction of autoimmune thyroid disorders by lithium and phenothiazines has been proven in animal studies and possibly can also be found in humans.

Plasma levels of parathyroid hormone-related peptide are elevated in hyperprolactinemia and correlated to bone density status.

Osteopenia is an important clinical manifestation of hyperprolactinemia. Bone loss in these patients has mainly been attributed to concomitant deficiency of gonadal hormones rather than to hyperprolactinemia per se. Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) is expressed in human mammary tissue, and elevated circulating PTHrP levels as well as concomitant hypercalcemia have been described during lactation.

Changes induced by cadmium administration on thyroxine deiodination and sulfhydryl groups in rat liver.

The effects of cadmium on 5'-deiodination of thyroxine (T4) by rat liver and on the hepatic concentration of non-protein sulfhydryl groups (NPSH) were studied in Wistar rats of 200-250 g body weight. A group of ten rats was injected with cadmium chloride (300 micrograms/100 g body weight i.p.

Expression of various MHC class II molecules and of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on focal clusters of dendritic cells in iodine deficiency goitres.

Thyroid sections from 18 consecutive euthyroid patients undergoing surgery for iodine deficiency goitre were investigated by means of immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence, evaluating the expression of MHC class II antigens (HLA-DR, -DP, -DQ, and RFD1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 on the formerly described clusters of dendritic cells, as well as on thyrocytes. Eleven of 18 iodine deficiency goitres contained clusters of dendritic cells. These clusters appeared to express only HLA-DR in two cases; in nine of 12 cases they showed a differential expression of class II molecules in the following frequency: HLA-DR > DQ and/or -DP > RFD1.