Autistic trait severity in early schizophrenia: Role in subjective quality of life and social functioning.

Background: Cognitive impairment is a cardinal feature in patients with schizophrenia and leads to poor social functioning. Recently, the treatment of schizophrenia has evolved to include the goal of improving quality of life (QoL). However, most of the factors influencing subjective QoL are unknown.

Problematic gambling and psychotic-like experiences: Findings from Japan.

Background: Comparatively little is known about the association between problematic gambling and psychotic-like experiences (PLEs). This study examined the association among adults in the Japanese general population and whether this association differs between men and women.

Methods: Data were analyzed from 3701 individuals that were obtained in an online survey.

Loneliness and low fruit and vegetable consumption among adults in Japan.

Background: Loneliness is the distressing feeling that arises when a person's network of social relations is perceived as being inadequate in some way. Research has linked loneliness to a number of detrimental health outcomes. There is also some evidence that lonely individuals are more likely to engage in poorer health behaviors.

The severity of perceived stress associated with community violence exposure and its role in future posttraumatic stress: findings from a longitudinal study of U.S. adolescents.

Background: Community violence exposure (CVE) in adolescence is associated with poorer mental health although the situational factors that may impact on this relationship remain relatively unexplored. The present study aimed to investigate if the degree of perceived stress during CVE has an effect on future posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in youth, and if this association differs between females and males.

Methods: Data were analyzed from 760 U.

Loneliness and posttraumatic stress in U.S. adolescents: A longitudinal study.

Background: Loneliness and posttraumatic stress (PTS) are common in adolescence. However, there has been little longitudinal research on their association. To address this deficit, this study examined the longitudinal association between these phenomena in a sample of U.

Factors Associated with COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy and Most Frequently Vaccinated Status in a Japanese Population-Based Sample.

While many countries across the world have had difficulty in providing continuous coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccine boosters, in Japan, the number of COVID-19 vaccinations has increased rapidly in the past two years to the point where the vaccination booster numbers are now at the highest level in the world (by March 2023). Against this backdrop, this study aimed to determine the characteristics of individuals who either refused to be vaccinated or who were vaccinated multiple (five) times during this period. We analyzed data from a sample of 3710 Japanese adults that were collected in a nationwide, cross-sectional Internet survey that was undertaken in March 2023.

Psychotic-like experiences and problem drinking among adults in Japan.

Background: Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are common in the general population and have been linked to alcohol misuse and abuse. However, much of this research has been undertaken in Western countries. To address this deficit, the current study examined the association between PLEs and problem drinking in the Japanese general population.

Enuresis in young offenders - a study on prevalence and mental health comorbidity.

Background: Enuresis is a common disorder in the school-age period, and is often associated with a variety of behavioral, psychological, and social problems. While early studies suggested an association between enuresis and delinquent behavior, there has been no recent research assessing the prevalence of enuresis and its comorbid psychopathology in young offenders. The aim of this study was to therefore assess the prevalence of enuresis and its associated psychiatric comorbidity in incarcerated young offenders.

Psychological distress and voting behaviour in nine countries of the former Soviet Union.

Poorer mental health is linked to a lower likelihood of voting in elections. However, little is known about this association in non-Western settings. This study examined the association between psychological distress and voting in nine countries of the former Soviet Union (FSU).

Depressive symptoms and anger and aggression in Russian adolescents.

Research among adolescents exploring the association between depressive symptoms and aggression has produced inconsistent findings. This study investigated the prevalence of clinically significant (current major depressive episode) and subthreshold depressive symptoms in a general population sample of adolescents from Northern Russia and explored their association with aggression and anger, while controlling for comorbid mental health problems. The sample consisted of 2600 participants, aged 13-17 years (59.

Financial debt, worry about debt and mental health in Japan.

Background: Financial debt has been linked to poorer mental health. However, most research has been undertaken in western countries. This study examined the association between financial debt, worry about debt, and mental health in Japan, where there has been little specific focus on debt and its effects on mental health.

Augmentation therapy with serotonin receptor partial agonists on neurocognitive function in schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: In a previous meta-analysis, the use of serotonin(5-HT) receptor partial agonists of the azapirone class as an add-on therapy was associated with beneficial effects on positive symptoms and attention/processing speed in schizophrenia patients. This meta-analysis builds on that study by examining the effects of adjunctive treatment with 5-HT partial agonists in improving other domains of neurocognitive function in schizophrenia patients.

Methods: A literature search was performed from 1987 to May 2023 to identify randomized controlled trials.

Community Violence Exposure and Eating Disorder Symptoms among Belgian, Russian and US Adolescents: Cross-Country and Gender Perspectives.

Community violence exposure (CVE) is one of the most common adverse childhood experiences worldwide. Despite this, its potential effect on disordered eating in adolescents from different cultures is underexplored. In the present cross-sectional study, self-reported data were collected from 9751 students (Mean age = 14.

Perceived discrimination and mental health in the Japanese general population.

Background: Research has shown that discrimination is prevalent in many countries and associated with poorer mental health. However, little is known about discrimination and its effects in Japan.

Aims: To address this deficit this study examined the association between perceived discrimination and mental health outcomes in the Japanese general population and the role of general stress in these associations.

Sociodemographic inequalities in mortality from drowning in the Baltic countries and Finland in 2000-2015: a register-based study.

Background: Drowning is an important public health problem. Some evidence suggests that the risk of drowning is not distributed evenly across the general population. However, there has been comparatively little research on inequalities in drowning mortality.

Are attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms associated with negative health outcomes in individuals with psychotic experiences? Findings from a cross-sectional study in Japan.

Objective: Although research has indicated that the prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be elevated in individuals with psychotic disorders, as yet, there has been comparatively little research on this association and its effects among adults at the subclinical level. To address this deficit, the current study examined the association between psychotic experiences (PE) and ADHD symptoms in Japanese individuals and whether the presence of ADHD symptoms increases the risk for negative health outcomes in people with PE.

Method: Data were analyzed from an online sample of 1,452 individuals (age 18-89; 51.

Bulimia symptoms and anger and aggression among adolescents.

Background: Previous research has indicated that anger and aggression may be elevated in adolescents with a bulimia nervosa (BN) diagnosis. However, as yet, little is known about whether bulimia symptoms are linked to anger and aggression in adolescents in the general population. To address this deficit this study aimed to explore the associations between a clinical level of bulimia symptoms (CLBS) and anger, anger rumination and aggression in community-based adolescents, and determine whether gender is important in this context.

Educational inequalities in hypothermia mortality in the Baltic countries and Finland in 2000-15.

Background: Despite an increased focus on cold-related mortality in recent years, there has been comparatively little research specifically on hypothermia mortality and its associated factors.

Methods: Educational inequalities in hypothermia mortality among individuals aged 30-74 in the Baltic countries (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania) and Finland in 2000-15 were examined using data from longitudinal mortality follow-up studies of population censuses (the Baltics) and from a longitudinal register-based population data file (Finland).

Results: Age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) were much higher in the Baltic countries than in Finland across the study period.

Longitudinal Associations Between Community Violence Exposure and Mental Health Problems in Inner-City Youth: Ethnicity and Gender Perspectives.

There is a lack of agreement on whether children and adolescents with different cultural/ethnic backgrounds react to trauma in a similar fashion. This study adds to the existing literature by providing ethnicity and gender perspectives on the longitudinal associations between the degree of community violence exposure (CVE) and mental health problems in U.S.

Effect of 5-HT1A Receptor Partial Agonists of the Azapirone Class as an Add-On Therapy on Psychopathology and Cognition in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: There are ongoing efforts to examine the effect of 5-HT1A receptor partial agonists as an add-on therapy for several symptoms of schizophrenia. By conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis, we evaluated whether augmentation with 5-hydroxtrypatamine (5-HT)1A partial agonists of the azapirone class improves psychotic symptoms and attention/processing speed, a key domain of cognition, in patients with schizophrenia.

Methods: A literature search was performed from 1987 to February 25, 2022, to identify randomized controlled trials.