Rationale: Several studies have reported associations between substance use and effort-related decision making, or the degree to which effort expenditure impacts the choice between lower and higher value rewards. However, previous research has not explored effort-related decision making in populations with severe substance use disorder.
Objectives: Investigate the association between effort-related decision-making and substance use disorder severity.
Acetabular labral tears are a mechanical cause of hip pain. Hip MR imaging should be performed on 3T magnets using small field of view and high-resolution imaging. If using a lower strength magnet, direct arthrography should be performed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Allergy Clin Immunol Pract
January 2025
Objectives: To assess if Lisfranc injury can be detected by US with and without abduction stress.
Methods: Eight cadaveric feet were obtained. The following measurements were obtained in the uninjured feet: C1M2 and C1C2 intervals and TMT1 and TMT2 dorsal step-off distances.
This study introduces a novel image reconstruction technique based on a diffusion model that is conditioned on the native data domain. Our method is applied to multi-coil MRI and quantitative MRI (qMRI) reconstruction, leveraging the domain-conditioned diffusion model within the frequency and parameter domains. The prior MRI physics are used as embeddings in the diffusion model, enforcing data consistency to guide the training and sampling process, characterizing MRI k-space encoding in MRI reconstruction, and leveraging MR signal modeling for qMRI reconstruction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolaritonic states, which are formed by resonances between a molecular excitation and the photonic mode of a cavity, have a number of useful properties that offer new routes to control molecular photochemistry using electric fields. To provide a theoretical description of how polaritonic states affect the real-time electron dynamics in molecules, a new method is described where the effects of strong light-molecule coupling are implemented using real-time electronic structure theory. The coupling between the molecular electronic states and the cavity is described by the Pauli-Fierz Hamiltonian, and transitions between polaritonic states are induced via an external time-dependent electric field using time-dependent configuration interaction (TDCI) theory, producing quantum electrodynamics TDCI (QED-TDCI).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhile the unique symbiotic relationship between anemonefishes and sea anemones is iconic, it is still not fully understood how anemonefishes can withstand and thrive within the venomous environment of their host sea anemone. In this study, we used a proteotranscriptomics approach to elucidate the proteinaceous toxin repertoire from the most common host sea anemone, . Although 1251 different toxin or toxin-like RNA transcripts were expressed in tentacles (0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntro: Substance use and associated problems often return following treatment for substance use disorder (SUD), which disproportionally impact Black/African American (AA) individuals. Social support and spiritual well-being are sources of recovery capital identified as particularly important among Black/AA adults. Social support and spiritual well-being are also posited mechanisms in 12-step; thus, this study tested the effects of social support and spiritual well-being on substance use outcomes over time, distinct from 12-step involvement, among Black/AA adults post-SUD treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReal-time (RT) electronic structure methods provide a natural framework for describing light-matter interactions in arbitrary time-dependent electromagnetic fields (EMF). Optically induced excited state transitions are of particular interest, which require tuned EMF to drive population transfer to and from the specific state(s) of interest. Intersystem crossing, or spin-flip, may be driven through shaped EMF or laser pulses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Preliminary studies suggest that infection with Bartonella bacteria can not only cause a characteristic rash, headache, fever, and fatigue but also neuropsychiatric symptoms. To date, this association has only been reported in case studies, and it remains unclear if this association generalizes to larger samples.
Methods: We used Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk) to crowdsource a large sample (N = 996) of individuals to ascertain the extent to which the presence of participant-identified Bartonella-associated cutaneous lesions (BACL) was associated with self-reported measures of anxiety, depression, and schizotypy.
Background: Understanding immunogenicity and alloimmune risk following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination in kidney transplant recipients is imperative to understanding the correlates of protection and to inform clinical guidelines.
Methods: We studied 50 kidney transplant recipients following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and quantified their anti-spike protein antibody, donor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDNA), gene expression profiling (GEP), and alloantibody formation.
Results: Participants were stratified using nucleocapsid testing as either SARS-CoV-2-naïve or experienced prior to vaccination.
Aims/hypothesis: Type 1 diabetes in pregnancy is associated with suboptimal pregnancy outcomes, attributed to maternal hyperglycaemia and offspring hyperinsulinism (quantifiable by cord blood C-peptide). We assessed metabolomic patterns associated with risk factors (maternal hyperglycaemia, diet, BMI, weight gain) and perinatal complications (pre-eclampsia, large for gestational age [LGA], neonatal hypoglycaemia, hyperinsulinism) in the Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Women with Type 1 Diabetes in Pregnancy Trial (CONCEPTT).
Methods: A total of 174 CONCEPTT participants gave ≥1 non-fasting serum sample for the biorepository at 12 gestational weeks (147 women), 24 weeks (167 women) and 34 weeks (160 women) with cord blood from 93 infants.
Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is an emerging target in multiple sclerosis (MS). Alongside its role in B cell receptor signaling and B cell development, BTK regulates myeloid cell activation and inflammatory responses. Here we demonstrate efficacy of BTK inhibition in a model of secondary progressive autoimmune demyelination in Biozzi mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Literature focusing on migration and maternal health inequalities is inconclusive, possibly because of the heterogeneous definitions and settings studied. We aimed to synthesize the literature comparing the risks of severe maternal outcomes in high-income countries between migrant and native-born women, overall and by host country and region of birth.
Methods And Findings: Systematic literature review and meta-analysis using the Medline/PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for the period from January 1, 1990 to April 18, 2023.
In July 2022, the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR) hosted an innovative, multistakeholder consensus conference to identify information and metrics desired by stakeholders in the transplantation system, including patients, living donors, caregivers, deceased donor family members, transplant professionals, organ procurement organization professionals, payers, and regulators. Crucially, patients, caregivers, living donors, and deceased donor family members were included in all aspects of this conference, including serving on the planning committee, participating in preconference focus groups and learning sessions, speaking at the conference, moderating conference sessions and breakout groups, and shaping the conclusions. Patients constituted 24% of the meeting participants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMycotic pseudoaneurysms are a rare, life-threatening complication after pancreas transplant. There have been limited reports of endovascular treatment of mycotic pseudoaneurysms in pancreas transplant recipients. Herein, we report on a case of a mycotic pseudoaneurysm from Pseudomonas aeruginosa after pancreas transplant.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Reward deficits negatively impact recovery from substance use disorder (SUD). LETS ACT, a behavioral activation treatment targeting substance-free reward, has demonstrated effectiveness in reducing post treatment substance use. There remains room for modifications to extend recovery gains, and LETS ACT remains largely untested in outpatient treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSkeletal Radiol
October 2023
Severe neurological adverse events have been reported after fluoroscopically guided cervical nerve root injections. Particulate corticosteroids inadvertently injected intraarterially and iatrogenic vertebral artery trauma have been implicated in these outcomes. This has raised concern for the potential consequences of including local anesthetic with these injections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLower extremity tendinopathy and soft tissue injury are common clinical problems that can cause significant disability. Ultrasound-guided minimally invasive treatments using orthobiologics and image-guided percutaneous treatments continue to gain relevance with an ever-growing body of literature. We review the indications, technique, risks, and benefits according to the literature of common ultrasound-guided interventions utilized in the lower extremities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Xenografts from genetically modified pigs have become one of the most promising solutions to the dearth of human organs available for transplantation. The challenge in this model has been hyperacute rejection. To avoid this, pigs have been bred with a knockout of the alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase gene and with subcapsular autologous thymic tissue.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS) after renal transplantation is a common cause of graft dysfunction and failure. Endovascular intervention in the form of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and stenting has rapidly become the dominant treatment modality for the TRAS. There is a paucity of clinical data on the use of drug-eluting stent (DES) for TRAS.
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