Measurement of oxidatively-induced clustered DNA lesions using a novel adaptation of single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay).

The two basic groups of complex DNA damage are double-strand breaks (DSBs) and non-DSB oxidatively-induced clustered DNA lesions (OCDLs). The single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) or comet assay has been widely used for the detection of low levels of various types of DNA lesions including single-strand breaks (SSBs), DSBs, and oxidized bases per individual cell. There are limited data on the use of the comet assay for the detection of non-DSB clustered DNA lesions using different repair enzymes as enzymatic probes.

Compromised repair of clustered DNA damage in the human acute lymphoblastic leukemia MSH2-deficient NALM-6 cells.

Ionizing radiation (IR) induces two classes of complex DNA damage, double-strand breaks (DSBs) and non-DSB bi-stranded oxidative clustered DNA lesions (OCDLs). OCDLs may consist of single strand breaks (SSBs), oxidized purines/pyrimidines and abasic sites within 5-10bp. These significant biological lesions are hypothesized to challenge the repair machinery and carry a high mutagenic potential.

Detection of complex DNA damage in gamma-irradiated acute lymphoblastic leukemia Pre-b NALM-6 cells.

Bistranded complex DNA damage, i.e., double-strand breaks (DSBs) and non-DSB oxidative clustered DNA lesions, is hypothesized to challenge the repair mechanisms of the cell and consequently the genomic integrity.

Osmotic effects on arginine kinase function in living muscle of the blue crab Callinectes sapidus.

Flux was examined through the reaction catalyzed by arginine kinase in intact blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) muscle during simulated changes in salinity. Isolated dark levator muscles from the swimming leg were superfused with a saline solution that had an osmolarity equivalent to that of the hemolymph under different salinity regimes. Animals were acclimated for 7 days to a salinity of 5, 17 or 35 per thousand, which corresponds to a hemolymph osmolarity of 640, 720 or 960 mosmoll(-1), respectively.