Urinary tract lymphoma.

Urinary tract involvement by non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is uncommon and whilst extranodal disease may be the first manifestation of NHL in 15% of patients, the primary site of origin of NHL in the urinary tract is very rare. At the time of diagnosis, apparently primary urogenital lymphoma is often widely disseminated, with a correspondingly poor prognosis.

Oestrogen and the differentiation of granulated metrial gland cells in chimeric mice.

The role of oestrogen in the recruitment of GMG cell precursors to the uterus has been investigated in radiation-induced chimeric mice reconstituted with rat bone marrow and maintained on a hormone regime simulating pseudopregnancy. The presence of rat GMG cells in the deciduomata in mice irradiated after oestrogen priming suggests that oestrogen priming is not an essential factor in recruiting GMG cell precursors. However, the results have led to the suggestion that in the normal, cycling mouse oestrogen may have a role in attracting GMG cell precursors to the uterus and preparing them for differentiation.

Intracellular pH in stored erythrocytes. Refinement and further characterisation of the 31P-NMR methylphosphonate procedure.

Methylphosphonate in conjunction with 31P-NMR spectroscopy was used for the measurement of transmembrane delta pH in human erythrocytes stored at 4 degrees C for up to 5 weeks in a nutrient medium. Intra- and extracellular pH was determined using calibration curves based on the pH-dependent separation between the NMR resonances of methylphosphonate and orthophosphate (Pi). A comprehensive statistical procedure is presented for the determination of the variance of NMR-based pH estimates.

Intra- and extraerythrocyte pH at 37 degrees C and during long term storage at 4 degrees C: 31P NMR measurements and an electrochemical model of the system.

A 31P NMR method based on pH dependent variation of the chemical-shift-difference between the resonances of orthophosphate and methylphosphonate was used to measure simultaneously intracellular pH (pHi) and extracellular pH (pHc) during long term storage of erythrocytes; pH was determined at both 4 degrees C and 37 degrees C. An equation describing the equilibrium distribution of membrane-permeant ions was derived by consideration of the electrochemical and osmotic constraints in the RBC suspension. Calculations using the model-equation and the measured pHi yielded the Donnan ratio and therefore pHo; the relationship between experimentally determined pHi and pHo values was accurately predicted by the model.

Supernatant hemoglobin determinations after prolonged blood storage.

Measurement of extracellular hemoglobin is useful for assessing the relative success of different blood storage strategies. The test is now also included in routine quality assurance procedures. With the recent trend towards transfusion of concentrated red cells resuspended in "additive" solutions, a safe and efficient method for the estimation of hemoglobin in these units is required.

Pharmacological approaches to the regulation of fat metabolism.

There are a variety of methods whereby pharmacotherapy can induce weight loss. These include reducing food intake, impairing absorption of nutrients, inhibiting lipid biosynthesis and increasing energy expenditure. Various drugs are currently being evaluated which exert these modes of action.

Intermittent protein-sparing fasting with abdominal belting.

In an attempt to minimize the weight regain that often follows effective weight reduction, a programme has been evaluated which involved the use of a nylon waist cord which could be readily tightened but not lengthened, during a regime of alternating periods of a liquid diet and a high-fibre natural diet combined with behavioural modification. Forty subjects completed the initial cycle of a liquid regime with an overall weight loss of 7.7 kg during the treatment period.

N2-(1-carboxyethyl)methionine. A 'pseudo-opine' in octopine-type crown-gall tumours.

A novel methionine-containing plasmid-determined compound, N2-(1-carboxyethyl)methionine (NCEM) has been identified in crown-gall tumours induced by octopine-type strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. NCEM is probably synthesized by octopine synthase. Cell-free preparations from octopine-type strains of A.

Regeneration of phosphorylated metabolites in stored erythrocytes in an open perfusion system: studies using 31P NMR spectroscopy.

Human erythrocytes were maintained at high haematocrit in a metabolically functional state for several hours in a thermodynamically open perfusion apparatus. The concentrations of ATP and 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) and pH were continuously monitored before and after metabolic perturbations by using 31P NMR; the monitoring was achieved with a 31P flow-through probe. Methylphosphonate was added to plasma perfusion medium as a phosphorus concentration standard and as a 31P NMR pH probe molecule.

Granulated metrial gland cells in the lungs of mice in pregnancy and pseudopregnancy.

A study has been made, using light microscopy, of GMG cells in the lungs of pregnant mice and pseudopregnant mice with deciduomata. GMG cells are found in the lungs from Day 8 to Day 17 of pregnancy and are mainly located in the interalveolar septa. The temporal relationship between GMG cells in the lungs and GMG cells in the blood vessels of the decidua basalis and metrial gland suggests that the GMG cells in the lungs are migrants from the uterus.

Bromhexine in the treatment of otitis media with effusion.

In a double blind randomised trial of 95 children aged 3-8 years with otitis media with effusion (OME), the efficacy of the mucolytic agent bromhexine hydrochloride (Bisolvon) was compared with a placebo. Each child received two 4 week courses of either bromhexine or placebo in a random fashion. One hundred and ninety ears were available for analysis, i.

Rubella: immunity and vaccination in schoolgirls.

Of 191 schoolgirls, 128 volunteered to take part in a feasibility study of serotesting before and after rubella vaccination, and all responded to RA 27/3 vaccine. Had the serum samples been taken by a fingerprick method the number of volunteers would probably have increased considerably. A change in policy for rubella vaccination to testing both before and after vaccination would cost no more than the existing policy, would ensure primary response, and would differentiate those women who were protected by the vaccine from those with antibody to wild virus.

Immunoglobulin G in the decidua basalis and metrial gland of the pregnant mouse uterus.

The distribution of immunoglobulin G (IgG) in the decidua basalis and metrial gland of the mouse uterus at days 10 and 14 of pregnancy has been investigated using immunohistochemical methods. IgG was found in the intercellular spaces but none was found in decidual cells, stromal cells of the metrial gland or granulated metrial gland cells. These results differ from those of other studies which have localised IgG in the cytoplasm of rat granulated metrial gland cells.

Insulin increases body fat despite control of food intake and physical activity.

The effect of experimentally induced hyperinsulinemia on body composition was studied in rats with food intakes precisely controlled by intragastric feeding and physical activity manipulated by sedation with chlordiazepoxide (CDP). Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 38) were fitted surgically with gastrostomy tubes. After 8 days the animals were divided into four groups.

A morphological study of granulated metrial gland cells and trophoblast cells in the labyrinthine placenta of the mouse.

A study has been made, using light and electron microscopy, of GMG cells in the labyrinthine placenta of the mouse. GMG cells were found lying within the lumina of the maternal blood spaces showed degenerative changes and GMG cells were usually found close to these degenerate trophoblast cells. Sometimes the GMG cells also showed degenerative changes.

Nocturnal cough in patients with chronic bronchitis and emphysema.

Patients with respiratory disease commonly report that their sleep is disrupted by nocturnal cough. We have recorded cough during the night in 10 patients with severe chronic bronchitis and emphysema (forced expiratory volume in one second, 1.0 +/- SEM 0.

The differentiation of granulated metrial gland cells in chimeric mice and the effect of uterine shielding during irradiation.

The differentiation of granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells has been investigated during deciduomata formation in radiation-induced chimeric mice reconstituted with rat or mouse bone marrow. The extent of the decidual reaction was apparently normal in regions of the uterine horns shielded from the irradiation but was impaired in, or absent from, the irradiated horns. The numbers of GMG cells which differentiated varied but were greater in the larger decidual swellings.

Infusion cholecystography in the early diagnosis of acute gallbladder disease.

The value of infusion cholecystography 99mTc HIDA cholescintigraphy and ultrasonography was compared in 51 patients presenting with a clinical diagnosis of acute cholecystitis. Of the 35 patients with proven gallbladder disease, the presence of gallstones was correctly predicted in 31 (88 per cent) by infusion cholecystography, 32 (90 per cent) by 99mTc HIDA cholescintigraphy and 27 (77 per cent) by ultrasonography. There were no false positive investigations.

The relationship between glucose concentration and rate of lactate production by human erythrocytes in an open perfusion system.

A thermodynamically open system, based on an assembly of capillaries with semi-permeable walls was constructed in order to study glycolysis in human erythrocytes in high haematocrit suspensions. A phenomenological expression for the rate of lactate production as a function of glucose concentration was obtained. The rate was measured under steady-state conditions with low substrate concentrations (approx.

Early cellular reactions induced by dinitrochlorobenzene in sensitized human skin.

Serial biopsies during the first 24 hours after dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) challenge in fifteen sensitized patients have shown that DNCB associates with Langerhans cells within I hour of application, and has reached the dermis around the appendages by 6 hours.

After early identification--what follows? A study of some aspects of deaf education from an otolaryngological viewpoint.

Otolaryngologists have accepted their role in the early diagnosis of the deaf and hard of hearing child: however, the social implications and habilitative programs embarked upon may often be regarded as unrelated to the practice of otolaryngology. The otolaryngologist is a key member of the team responsible for early detection and diagnosis, and he must become as involved with the available educational programs as are the other highly qualified competent individuals bringing expertise to the problem. The reason for emphasizing this area is that the otolaryngologist has witnessed a number of a major expansions in knowledge which have occurred in the past 15 years.