Publications by authors named "Stewart Cleeve"

Background: Injury is a leading health burden in children yet relatively little is reported about the contemporary risks they face. Current national registry data may under-represent the true burden of injury to children. We aim to analyse contemporary patterns of paediatric trauma and identify current factors putting children at risk of injury.

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Introduction: Splenic torsion is a rare condition but one that many surgeons will encounter once in their career. Management options are varied but due to the rarity of the condition there are no contemporary evidence-based summaries to inform a treating clinician. We aim to describe patterns of presentation and provide an evidence-based guide to the management.

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Aims: Megarectum is well described in the surgical literature but few contemporary pathological studies have been undertaken. There is uncertainty whether 'idiopathic' megarectum is a primary neuromuscular disorder or whether chronic dilatation leads to previously reported and unreported pathological changes. We sought to answer this question.

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Background: There is wide variation in the clinical use of diagnostic tools for children with chronic constipation and functional/structural fecal incontinence (CCFSFI). Anorectal manometry (ARM) is a well-recognized technique to assess the function of the anorectum.

Purpose: Our aim was to perform an up-to-date review on ARM in pediatric patients with CCFSFI, with specific focus on the indication of use and protocol.

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Background: We experienced a high incidence of jejunal tube (JEJ) displacement in children who underwent percutaneous endoscopic transgastric jejunostomy (PEGJ), ever since the introduction of ENFit connector (2017).

Methods: Two interventions were introduced in 2018 - fixative suture to PEGJ ENFit connector, and conversion to balloon transgastric-jejunal feeding device (Balloon GJ) whenever possible. Children receiving PEGJ and Balloon GJ in 2.

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Purpose: Megarectum in anorectal malformation (ARM) causes severe morbidity. To compare conservative management (CM) of megarectum with excision (EX), to propose a new classification and to analyse management strategies.

Methods: Between 2000-2016, we reviewed all ARM to identify megarectum, defined by radiological recto-pelvic ratio > 0.

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Defecatory disorders in children, including chronic constipation (CC) and fecal incontinence (FI), are common conditions worldwide and have a significant impact on children, their families, and the healthcare system. Anorectal manometry (ARM) and high-resolution anorectal manometry (HRAM) are relatively novel tools for the assessment of anal sphincter function and rectal sensation and have contributed significantly to improving the understanding of the anorectum as a functional unit. ARM has been recognized as the investigation of choice for adults with symptoms of defecation disorders, including fecal incontinence (FI), evacuation difficulties, and constipation.

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Purpose: There is a lack of diagnostic credibility to direct focused management for children with chronic constipation (CC) and faecal incontinence (FI). The aim is to assess the impact of an innovative Children's Anorectal Physiology Service (CAPS) focusing on improving outcomes in children with CC/FI.

Methods: Prospective data: demographics, bowel and quality of life (QoL)/risk of distress questionnaires.

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Purpose: To identify and analyse variations in self-reported decision-making strategies between medical professionals of different specialty and grade.

Study Design: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of doctors of different specialities and grades at St. George's Hospital, London, UK.

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Objectives: Trauma is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The literature on paediatric trauma epidemiology in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is limited. This study aims to gather epidemiological data on paediatric trauma.

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Purpose: We aim to determine the natural history of the ACE in idiopathic constipation and factors predictive of closure.

Methods: A retrospective case-note review of all patients undergo ACE formation for idiopathic constipation Jan 2003-Mar 2016. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to determine ACE survival and Cox's proportional hazard models to examine potential predictors of closure.

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Aim: For decades, paediatric surgeons have employed the standard posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP) approach to deal with patients with anorectal malformations (ARM). In recent years, we noted an apparent increase in the incidence of anal stricture after surgical repair of ARM following the introduction of laparoscopic pull-through and techniques aiming to preserve the internal sphincter-the internal sphincter sparing approach (ISSA). We decided to analyse our data to find out if these new trends had added to the problem of post-operative strictures.

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Objective: To assess the role of screening and prophylactic surgery for intestinal rotational abnormalities (IRAs) in asymptomatic patients with heterotaxy.

Study Design: PubMed, Embase, and Cinahl were searched electronically to determine the overall incidence of IRAs in heterotaxy; the detection rate of IRAs associated with screening; the incidence of midgut volvulus in patients without screening; and the incidence of morbidity and mortality after prophylactic and emergency Ladd procedures. Relevant data were computed with a meta-analysis of proportions.

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Introduction: Pediatric surgical trainees worldwide face pressures from expansion of programs and training positions, subspecialization, regionalization, restrictions of working hours, and rigid training criteria. The era of apprenticeship training has long gone, and surgical education needs to be responsive and adapt to newer challenges. The aim of this study was to examine the teaching provision component of pediatric surgical training in the UK.

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Purpose: Intractable faecal incontinence (FI) and constipation is a challenging condition to manage in children. Transanal irrigation (TAI) is a non-operative treatment option. This study presents our experience with TAI with the aim of finding predictive factors of non-compliance.

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Purpose: To evaluate outcomes of intrasphincteric botulinum toxin injection (ISBTI) in children with intractable constipation.

Methods: Retrospective case-note review of patients ≤ 16 years of age undergoing ISBTI between January 2010 and February 2014. Data collected included patient demographics, diagnosis, complications, follow-up duration and functional outcomes.

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Aim: To evaluate the presence of smooth muscle in relation to the anorectum in neonates that are normal and in neonates with anorectal malformations using immunohistochemical staining of antibodies specific to smooth muscle actin (SMA).

Methods: Research ethics committee approval was obtained to study historical neonatal tissue sections. 7-15-μ thickness, sagittal sections of both normal anorectums (NA) and neonates with anorectal malformations (ARM) were available to study.

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Purpose: The medicolegal case of Chester v Afshar (October 2004) raises important questions with regard to the consent process in medicine and surgery. If consent has to involve disclosure of all serious risks, regardless of frequency, how does a surgeon ensure the thoroughness of the consent procedure and minimise the risk of such litigation? Procedure-specific consent forms (PSCFs)--detailing all serious risks--are a possible solution. The aim of our study was to establish the frequency of the use of such consent forms throughout the UK.

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