A systematic review on the bidirectional relationship between trauma-related psychopathology and reproductive aging.

Objective: Natural variation in ovarian steroid hormones across the female lifespan contributes to an increased risk for depressive and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in women. However, minimal work has focused on understanding the impacts of reproductive aging on the brain and behavioral health of trauma-exposed women. This systematic review examines the bidirectional relationship between trauma-related psychopathology and reproductive aging.

Continuous Glucose Monitors and Programmed Shared Medical Appointments in Managing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among First Nation Women in Australia: A Co-Designed Feasibility Study.

First Nations women in Australia diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, co-designed and attended a programmed shared medical appointment that included continuous glucose monitors and culturally responsive food appreciation activities over 8 weekly sessions to improve glycaemic control. The project was a single site, longitudinal change from baseline, mixed methods, feasibility study using HbA1c as the primary outcome measure. Secondary outcome measures included, weight, metabolic health-related blood panels, CGM, Blood Glucose Levels (BGL) time-in-range percentage, Patient Activation Measure (PAM) and Problem Areas In Diabetes (PAID) tools and client satisfaction survey and semi focussed interviews.

Do the biological characteristics of trout (Salmo trutta) smolts influence their spring migration timing and maiden marine sojourn duration?

Anadromous salmonids migrate seaward to exploit feeding and growth opportunities in marine habitats, yet how smolt biological characteristics influence their marine migratory behavior remains poorly understood. This study used 9 years of trout (Salmo trutta) population monitoring data from 15,595 tagged age-0+ parr, 1033 smolts detected migrating downstream in spring, and 99 adults detected returning from their first marine migration to the River Frome (Dorset, UK) to investigate the influence of smolt biological characteristics on their migration timing and maiden marine sojourn duration. Age-specific differences in the influence of smolt length on migration timing were found, with longer 1-year-old smolts emigrating later than their shorter counterparts within the same age class, but the opposite association existed for 2-year-old smolts.

Initial Examinations of the Diastereoselectivity and Chemoselectivity of Intramolecular Silyl Nitronate [3+2] Cycloadditions with Alkenyl/Alkynyl Nitroethers.

This study examined the chemoselectivity and diastereoselectivity of silyl nitronate alkenyn-nitroethers in Intramolecular Silyl Nitronate Cycloadditions (ISNCs) to produce isoxazole derivatives with interesting medicinal properties. These reactions resulted in the formation of either dihydrofuro[3,4-c]isoxazolines/isoxazolidines and/or alkynyl moieties attached to 2,5-dihydrofuryl carbonyls. This study also discerned the diastereoselectivities of the resulting cyclic adducts and compared them to previous findings.

Prognostic importance of direct assignment of parent-of-origin via long-read genome and epigenome sequencing in retinoblastoma.

Background: Current clinical sequencing methods cannot effectively detect DNA methylation and allele-specific variation to provide parent-of-origin information from the proband alone. Parent-of-origin effects can lead to differential disease and the inability to assign this in de novo cases limits prognostication in the majority of affected individuals with retinoblastoma, a hereditary cancer with suspected parent-of-origin effects.

Methods: To directly assign parent-of-origin in retinoblastoma patients, genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples for sequencing using a programmable, targeted single-molecule long-read DNA genomic and epigenomic approach.

Group-level signatures in bonobo sociality.

Humans show remarkable differences in social behaviour between families, groups, communities and cultures, whereas such group-level within-species variation in socio-behavioural propensities is typically overlooked in other species. Studies on intraspecific variation in animal social structures are needed to inform an evolutionary account of human sociality. Here, we study multiple independent bonobo populations ( = 6) in zoological settings to investigate if and how bonobos ( = 70) show group-specific signatures in sociality.

Less activity means improved welfare? How pair housing influences pinyon jay () behaviour.

The activity level and specific behaviours exhibited by captive animals are crucial indicators of welfare. Stereotypies, or repetitive behaviours that have no apparent function or goal, are performed by animals experiencing poor conditions in their environment and indicate welfare concerns. Changes in the housing environment in particular may have critical influences on behaviour and welfare.

Peritraumatic C-reactive protein levels predict pain outcomes following traumatic stress exposure in a sex-dependent manner.

Background: Chronic pain following traumatic stress exposure (TSE) is common. Increasing evidence suggests inflammatory/immune mechanisms are induced by TSE, play a key role in the recovery process versus development of post-TSE chronic pain, and are sex specific. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP) is associated with chronic pain after TSE in a sex-specific manner.

Behavioral Economic Strategies Increase Adverse Event Reporting in Pediatric Anesthesia.

Introduction: Identification and reporting of severe adverse events (SAEs) during anesthesia care remains critical in identifying areas of improvement in perioperative patient care. Although many healthcare organizations rely on the self-reporting of SAEs, under-reporting may limit the identification of the true incidence of these events. To circumvent these barriers, many healthcare systems leverage the Electronic Medical Record (EMR) by incorporating an Anesthesia Information Management System (AIMS).

Molecular features of the serological IgG repertoire elicited by egg-based, cell-based, or recombinant haemagglutinin-based seasonal influenza vaccines: a comparative, prospective, observational cohort study.

Background: Egg-based inactivated quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccine (eIIV4), cell culture-based inactivated quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccine (ccIIV4), and recombinant haemagglutinin (HA)-based quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccine (RIV4) have been licensed for use in the USA. In this study, we used antigen-specific serum proteomics analysis to assess how the molecular composition and qualities of the serological antibody repertoires differ after seasonal influenza immunisation by each of the three vaccines and how different vaccination platforms affect the HA binding affinity and breadth of the serum antibodies that comprise the polyclonal response.

Methods: In this comparative, prospective, observational cohort study, we included female US health-care personnel (mean age 47·6 years [SD 8]) who received a single dose of RIV4, eIIV4, or ccIIV4 during the 2018-19 influenza season at Baylor Scott & White Health (Temple, TX, USA).

Default Antibiotic Order Durations for Skin and Soft Tissue Infections in Outpatient Pediatrics: A Cluster Randomized Trial.

Background: Antibiotic durations for uncomplicated skin/soft tissue infections (SSTI) often exceed the guideline-recommended 5-7 days. We assessed the effectiveness of a default duration order panel in the Electronic Health Record (EHR) to reduce long prescriptions.

Methods: Cluster randomized trial of a SSTI order panel with default antibiotic durations (implemented 12/2021), compared to a control panel (no decision support) in 14 pediatric primary care clinics.

Receipt of guideline-concordant care and survival among young adult women with non-metastatic breast cancer.

Purpose: Adolescent and young adults (AYA) with breast cancer, compared to older adults, are diagnosed with more aggressive cancers, at more advanced stages and may undergo more aggressive treatment but have worse survival. Despite this, no research has studied the effects of the receipt of National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) defined guideline-concordant care (GCC) for breast cancer on AYA survival. We examined the association of GCC with survival among young adult (20-39 years old) breast cancer survivors.

Cost consequences analysis of early vocational rehabilitation compared with usual care for stroke survivors.

Objective: To compare costs and consequences of Early Stroke Specialist Vocational Rehabilitation (ESSVR) with usual care in working age, stroke survivors over 12 months.

Design: An economic evaluation nested within the pragmatic, multi-centre, randomised, controlled RETurn to work After stroKE (RETAKE) study.

Setting: Twenty-one English and Welsh National Health Service (NHS) hospital-based stroke units.

Effectiveness of early vocational rehabilitation versus usual care to support RETurn to work After stroKE: a pragmatic, parallel arm multi-centre, randomised-controlled trial.

Background: Return-to-work is a major goal achieved by fewer than 50% stroke survivors. Evidence on how to support return-to-work is lacking.

Aims: To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of Early Stroke Specialist Vocational Rehabilitation (ESSVR) plus usual care (UC) (i.

Home Blood Pressure Measurements Are Not Performed According to Guidelines and Standardized Education Is Urgently Needed.

Background: Patient education is needed to perform home blood pressure measurement (HBPM) according to blood pressure (BP) guidelines. It is not known how BP is measured at home and what education is provided, which was the aim of the study.

Methods: Mixed-methods study among Australian adults who perform HBPM (June to December 2023).

Patient and Surgical Factors Associated With Long-Term Mortality Outcomes Up to Fifteen Years After Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: An Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry Study.

Background: Mortality rates following total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) arthroplasty display distinct temporal patterns often attributed to patient selection bias, perioperative optimization, and comorbidities. Understanding these mortality patterns is essential for epidemiological and health economic longitudinal modeling.

Methods: We conducted a national registry-based cohort study in Australia using data from 1999 to 2022, examining primary and revision THA and TKA procedures for osteoarthritis.

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy associated with sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulators: A large case series.

Background: Risk factors for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) associated with sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor (S1PR) modulators are not as well-characterized as for natalizumab. We characterized S1PR modulator-associated PML cases and risk factors for PML using spontaneous adverse event reports.

Methods: We reviewed case reports from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System database and the medical literature.