The MyLungHealth study protocol: a pragmatic patient-randomised controlled trial to evaluate a patient-centred, electronic health record-integrated intervention to enhance lung cancer screening in primary care.

Introduction: Early lung cancer screening (LCS) through low-dose CT (LDCT) is crucial but underused due to various barriers, including incomplete or inaccurate patient smoking data in the electronic health record and limited time for shared decision-making. The objective of this trial is to investigate a patient-centred intervention, MyLungHealth, delivered through the patient portal. The intervention is designed to improve LCS rates through increased identification of eligible patients and informed decision-making.

Pretransplant Chromosome Genomic Array Testing Improves Prognosis for Myelofibrosis Patients Undergoing Transplantation.

Background: Despite its known superior diagnostic yield for chromosomal anomalies compared with karyotype and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) studies, chromosome genomic array testing (CGAT) is not used as a routine clinical test for myelofibrosis. Although many prognostic systems exist that risk stratify patients at diagnosis, limited tools are available to prognosticate transplant outcome.

Objective: The current study aimed at testing whether CGAT results obtained before transplantation improves prognosis of post-transplant outcome in patients with myelofibrosis compared with current risk categorization systems, for example, DIPSS plus (Dynamic International Prognostic Scoring System).

Pathology-Driven Automation to Improve Updating Documented Follow-Up Recommendations in the Electronic Health Record After Colonoscopy.

Introduction: Failure to document colonoscopy follow-up needs postpolypectomy can lead to delayed detection of colorectal cancer (CRC). Automating the update of a unified follow-up date in the electronic health record (EHR) may increase the number of patients with guideline-concordant CRC follow-up screening.

Methods: Prospective pre-post design study of an automated rules engine-based tool using colonoscopy pathology results to automate updates to documented CRC screening due dates was performed as an operational initiative, deployed enterprise-wide May 2023.

Lightening the Load: Generative AI to Mitigate the Burden of the New Era of Obesity Medical Therapy.

Highly effective antiobesity and diabetes medications such as glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide/GLP-1 (dual) receptor agonists (RAs) have ushered in a new era of treatment of these highly prevalent, morbid conditions that have increased across the globe. However, the rapidly escalating use of GLP-1/dual RA medications is poised to overwhelm an already overburdened health care provider workforce and health care delivery system, stifling its potentially dramatic benefits. Relying on existing systems and resources to address the oncoming rise in GLP-1/dual RA use will be insufficient.

'Re-Wilding' an Animal Model With Microbiota Shifts Immunity and Stress Gene Expression During Infection.

The frequency of emerging disease is growing with ongoing human activity facilitating new host-pathogen interactions. Novel infection outcomes can also be shaped by the host microbiota. Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes experimentally colonised by a wild microbiota community and infected by the widespread animal pathogen, Staphylococcus aureus, have been shown to suffer higher mortality than those infected by the pathogen alone.

Medical and Interventional Management of Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia.

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant disorder of the blood vessels that leads to the formation of telangiectasias and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). HHT affects ∼1/5,000 people, but this varies significantly by geography and ancestry. The Curaçao criteria for HHT consist of four diagnostic criteria: spontaneous epistaxis, first-degree relative with HHT, AVMs in characteristic location (liver, lung, brain), and telangiectasias.

Predictive ability of the Cancer and Aging Research Group chemotherapy toxicity calculator in hematologic malignancy.

Introduction: Chemotherapy toxicity tools are rarely studied in patients with hematologic malignancy (HM). The primary aim of this pilot study was to determine the predictive ability of the Cancer and Aging Research Group (CARG) chemo-toxicity calculator in estimating grade 3-5 toxicity in patients with HM.

Materials And Methods: Patients 60 years and older with HM were prospectively evaluated using the CARG chemo-toxicity calculator.

Implementing a multidisciplinary approach for older adults with multiple sclerosis: Geriatric neurology in practice.

Background: Older adults with multiple sclerosis (MS) face unique challenges arising from age-related changes in MS pathophysiology and overlapping geriatric syndromes. There is a need for geriatrics-focused multidisciplinary care for the rapidly growing older MS population.

Objective: To design and implement a geriatric multidisciplinary clinic for older adults with MS.

The role of mood in shaping reactions to smoking cessation messages among adults who smoke: a multimodal investigation.

Introduction: Mood-tailored communications may help increase the effectiveness of smoking cessation messaging interventions. We used both self-report and psychophysiological measures to test the impact of mood on responses to cessation messages in adults who smoke.

Methods: In a two-part (crowdsourcing and psychophysiological studies) study, the impact of 30 smoking cessation messages comprised of five themes (i.

Attributes of higher- and lower-performing hospitals in the Consult for Addiction Treatment and Care in Hospitals (CATCH) program implementation: A multiple-case study.

Introduction: Six hospitals within the New York City public hospital system implemented the Consult for Addiction Treatment and Care in Hospitals (CATCH) program, an interprofessional addiction consult service. A stepped-wedge cluster randomized controlled trial tested the effectiveness of CATCH for increasing initiation and engagement in post-discharge medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) treatment among hospital patients with opioid use disorder (OUD). The objective of this study was to identify facility characteristics that were associated with stronger performance of CATCH.

Stopping use of E-cigarettes and smoking combustible cigarettes: findings from a large longitudinal digital smoking cessation intervention study in the United States.

Objective: Digital interventions have been widely implemented to promote tobacco cessation. However, implementations of these interventions have not yet considered how participants' e-cigarette use may influence their quitting outcomes. We explored the association of e-cigarette use and quitting smoking within the context of a study testing a digital tobacco cessation intervention among individuals in the United States who were 18 years and older, smoked combustible cigarettes, and enrolled in the intervention between August 2017 and March 2019.

Associations Between Reductions in Depressive Symptoms and Reductions in Pain and Anxiety Symptoms and Substance Use: Emulation of a Randomized Trial.

Introduction: Depressive symptoms are linked with pain, anxiety, and substance use. Research estimating whether a reduction in depressive symptoms is linked to subsequent reductions in pain and anxiety symptoms and substance use is limited.

Methods: Using data from the Veterans Aging Cohort Study, a multisite observational study of U.

Phosphorus distributions in alluvial soils of the Lower Mississippi River Basin: A case of dual legacies.

Legacies can become intertwined, none more so than the body of work of Dr. Andrew Sharpley examining agricultural nutrient delivery to waterbodies and the phosphorus (P) accumulation in agricultural soils, or "legacy P." Although Sharpley's work focused on the anthropogenic influence on soil P, our study suggests soils of the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Plain (MAP) represent a natural legacy with moderate levels of available P resulting from minimal anthropogenic input.

Cannabis Users' and Non-Users' Differential Responses to Two Anti-Cannabis Campaigns.

Even though multiple states have approved legal recreational use of cannabis, the expansion of recreational cannabis legalization has led to public health concerns in the United States. Young adults (18-25 years old) have the highest percentage of cannabis use disorder compared to all other age groups. The purpose of this study is to compare cognitive and emotional responses of young adults who use cannabis and non-users to two anti-cannabis media campaigns that employed different message strategies.

Evidence-Based Reading Instruction for Secondary Students With Reading Difficulties Within Multitiered Systems of Support.

Christian Scott recently returned home from college and was set to begin his first year as a middle school special education teacher. During his first meeting with his new principal, he learned about his teaching schedule. His principal, Mrs.

Association between Cognitive Function and Physical Function, Frailty, and Quality of Life in Older Breast Cancer Survivors.

Background: Older cancer survivors in general are at greater risk for cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI), yet few studies have explored its association with health outcomes. This study examined the association between subjective and objective measures of cognitive function and physical function, frailty, and quality of life (QoL) among older breast cancer survivors.

Materials And Methods: Older breast cancer survivors who reported cognitive concerns completed surveys on patient-reported cognitive function, physical function, frailty, and QoL as well as objective tests of visuospatial working memory and sustained attention.

Implementation of medication for opioid use disorder treatment during a natural disaster: The PROUD-LA study.

Background: The impacts of climate change-related extreme weather events (EWEs) on Medication for Opioid Use Disorders (MOUD) implementation for Medicaid beneficiaries are relatively unknown. Such information is critical to disaster planning and other implementation strategies. In this study we examined implementation determinants and strategies for MOUD during EWEs.

Association between a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and smoking abstinence: An analysis of the National Health Interview Survey (2006-2018).

Objective: Both diabetes and smoking significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Understanding whether a diagnosis of diabetes can be leveraged to promote smoking cessation is a gap in the literature.

Methods: We used data from the US National Health Interview Survey, 2006 to 2018, to investigate the relationship between self-report of diagnosis of diabetes and subsequent smoking abstinence among 142,884 respondents who reported regular smoking at baseline.