A Psychonaut's Experience of Intoxication with Multiple Classes of Drugs Including Novel Psychoactive Substance 2-fluorodeschloroketamine: Case Report and Urinary Analysis.

Novel psychoactive substances have emerged as drugs of abuse. 2-Fluorodeschloroketamine (2-FDCK) is a ketamine derivative that can be purchased online for as little as $12 per gram. We report the case of a patient with a history of polysubstance use presenting after insufflation of 2-FDCK, with subsequent confirmation of metabolites in the patient's urine.

AH-7921: A review of previously published reports.

AH-7921 is a synthetic opioid that was developed in the early 1970s. It has resulted in several fatal and nonfatal intoxications, despite not having approval from the US Food and Drug Administration. To date, AH-7921 is listed as a schedule I drug, and there have been no clinical trials exploring the safety of AH-7921.

Addressing Hazards from Unscheduled Novel Psychoactive Substances as Research Chemicals: The Case of U-50488.

Increased experimentation with easily accessible synthetic opioids is posing a hazard to the public. We discuss one such synthetic opioid, U-50488. Much is unknown about U-50488; however, due to its structural similarity to U-47700, there is possible risk associated with its use.

U-47700: An Emerging Threat.

Illicit opioid use continues to be an ever-growing problem in the United States. The rise of synthetic opioids is an emerging threat that is beginning to draw attention over the past few years. Herein, we present an overview of the rise of a synthetic opioid known as U-47700.

On the Horizon: The Synthetic Opioid U-49900.

Synthetic opioid use continues to be a problem in the United States. New designer opioids continue to be released as "research chemicals" by vendors, leading to widespread use and potentially devastating consequences. U-49900 is a new synthetic opioid with limited clinical data available.

To Dab or Not to Dab: Rising Concerns Regarding the Toxicity of Cannabis Concentrates.

Cannabis use is steadily rising in the United States. As the popularity of marijuana rises, new varieties of cannabis-related products are becoming available. Dabs are cannabis concentrates gaining notoriety for their significant amounts of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) that are ultimately vaporized and inhaled for their effect.

U-47700: A Clinical Review of the Literature.

Background: U-47700 is a synthetic opioid developed by The Upjohn Company in the 1970s, which has recently appeared in the news and medical literature due to its toxicity. Currently, there are no clinical trial data assessing the safety of U-47700.

Objective: To describe the signs and symptoms of ingestion, laboratory testing, and treatment modalities for U-47700 intoxication.

Analysis of U-47700, a Novel Synthetic Opioid, in Human Urine by LC-MS-MS and LC-QToF.

The illicit drug market has rapidly evolved from synthetic cannabinoids to cathinone derivatives and now a new emerging threat of synthetic opioids. These compounds were mostly developed by pharmaceutical companies during drug discovery. The new psychoactive substances are not routinely covered in drug screening and may go undetected.

Constructing Carbon Fiber Motion-Detection Loops for Simultaneous EEG-fMRI.

One of the most significant impediments to high-quality EEG recorded in an MRI scanner is subject motion. Availability of motion artifact sensors can substantially improve the quality of the recorded EEG. In the study of epilepsy, it can also dramatically increase the confidence that one has in discriminating true epileptiform activity from artifact.

Fatality involving complications of bupivacaine toxicity and hypersensitivity reaction.

This case represents unusual findings of elevated bupivacaine and tryptase concentrations following local anesthetic, bupivacaine, administered as a scalene nerve block for elective rotator cuff repair surgery. Following bupivacaine injection, the patient exhibited almost immediate seizure activity, bradycardia, and cardiac arrest. Resuscitative efforts including cardiopulmonary bypass restored a cardiac rhythm.

Quantitation of cocaine, benzoylecgonine, ecgonine methyl ester, and cocaethylene in urine and blood using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

Cocaine, a stimulant, is a commonly abused drug. Cocaine and its metabolites are measured in various biological specimens for clinical and forensic purposes. Urine or plasma or serum is spiked with deuterated internal standards cocaine-d3, benzoylecgonine-d3, ecgonine methyl ester-d3, and cocaethylene-d3 and buffered with phosphate buffer.

Measurement and reduction of motion and ballistocardiogram artefacts from simultaneous EEG and fMRI recordings.

Recording the electroencephalogram (EEG) during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) permits the identification of haemodynamic changes associated with EEG events. However, subject motion within the MR scanner can cause unpredictable and frustrating artefacts on the EEG that may appear focally, bilaterally or unilaterally and can sometimes be confused for epileptiform activity. Motion may arise from a number of sources: small involuntary cardiac-related body movements (ballistocardiogram); acoustic vibrations due to the scanner machinery; and voluntary subject movements.

Further steps toward direct magnetic resonance (MR) imaging detection of neural action currents: optimization of MR sensitivity to transient and weak currents in a conductor.

The characteristics of an MRI technique that could be used for direct detection of neuronal activity are investigated. It was shown that magnitude imaging using echo planar imaging can detect transient local currents. The sensitivity of this method was thoroughly investigated.