Publications by authors named "Steven Toh"
Topic: To assess the anatomic and visual effects of facedown positioning (FDP) advice in patients undergoing vitrectomy with gas tamponade for idiopathic full-thickness macular holes (FTMHs) and to explore differential treatment effects by macular hole size and FDP duration.
Clinical Relevance: The necessity and duration of FDP for FTMH closure remain contentious, with no consensus guidelines.
Methods: Prospectively registered systematic review and individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing FDP with no FDP (nFDP) across the MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases and clinical trial registries from January 2000 to March 2023 (CRD42023395152).
Purpose: To study the behaviour of expansile intravitreal gases and air used in treating rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.
Methods: A validated mathematical model of gas expansion and absorption in human eyes was used to simulate the effect of varying volumes of pure air, SF6, C2F6 and C3F8 injected into the vitreous cavity. Variation in axial length was accounted for by using three different vitreous cavity volumes to represent hypermetropic, emmetropic and myopic eyes.
Objective: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was performed to compare the effects of miniaturized extracorporeal circulation (MECC) and conventional extracorporeal circulation (CECC) on morbidity and mortality rates after cardiac surgery.
Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using Ovid, PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, and the Cochrane databases. Randomized controlled trials from the year 2000 with n > 40 patients were considered.
Introduction: Locally advanced rectal cancer is often treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery. Radiotherapy carries significant risk of toxicity to organs at risk (OAR). Proton beam therapy (PBT) has demonstrated to be effective in other cancers, delivering equivalent dosimetric radiation but with the benefit of improved sparing of OAR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Investigate the effect of age category (1-9 years vs 10-18 years), sex, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level, and presence of dystonia on changes in eight function test parameters 24 months after selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR).
Methods: Prospective, single-center study of all children aged 3-18 years with bilateral cerebral palsy with spasticity who underwent SDR at a tertiary pediatric neurosurgery center between 2012 and 2019. A linear mixed effects model was used to assess longitudinal changes.
Objective: To compare clinical outcomes of reimplantation versus remodeling in patients undergoing valve-sparing aortic root replacement (VSRR) surgery.
Method: Electronic database search at PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Ovid, and Google scholar was performed from inception to January 2020. Primary outcomes were aortic valve (AV) reintervention and postoperative grade of aortic insufficiency (AI) while secondary outcomes were 30-day mortality, reoperation for bleeding, and operative times.
Article Synopsis
- This study compared outcomes for patients with acute type A aortic dissection who underwent surgery during regular hours (in-hours, IH) versus after hours (out-of-hours, OOH).
- Six studies involving 3,744 patients were analyzed, showing similar ages and surgical techniques used in both groups, but with a notable difference in 30-day mortality being lower in the IH group.
- Overall, while OOH surgery had a higher 30-day mortality rate, after further analysis, no significant differences were found in major postoperative complications, suggesting decisions to operate should be based on clinical priority rather than timing.