Multivariate longitudinal data for survival analysis of cardiovascular event prediction in young adults: insights from a comparative explainable study.

Background: Multivariate longitudinal data are under-utilized for survival analysis compared to cross-sectional data (CS - data collected once across cohort). Particularly in cardiovascular risk prediction, despite available methods of longitudinal data analysis, the value of longitudinal information has not been established in terms of improved predictive accuracy and clinical applicability.

Methods: We investigated the value of longitudinal data over and above the use of cross-sectional data via 6 distinct modeling strategies from statistics, machine learning, and deep learning that incorporate repeated measures for survival analysis of the time-to-cardiovascular event in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) cohort.

Hostility modifies the association between TV viewing and cardiometabolic risk.

Background: It was hypothesized that television viewing is predictive of cardiometabolic risk. Moreover, people with hostile personality type may be more susceptible to TV-induced negative emotions and harmful health habits which increase occurrence of cardiometabolic risk.

Purpose: The prospective association of TV viewing on cardiometabolic risk was examined along with whether hostile personality trait was a modifier.

Postacute care and ischemic stroke mortality: findings from an integrated health care system in northern California.

Objective: To study the association of postacute care (PAC) settings and mortality outcome of patients who sustained an ischemic stroke.

Design: A retrospective cohort study.

Setting: An integrated health care system in northern California.

Prevalence of electrocardiographic abnormalities in a middle-aged, biracial population: Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study.

Background: Few studies to date have described the prevalence of electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities in a biracial middle-aged cohort.

Methods And Results: Participants underwent measurement of traditional risk factors and 12-lead ECGs coded using both Minnesota Code and Novacode criteria. Among 2585 participants, of whom 57% were women and 44% were black (mean age 45 years), the prevalence of major and minor abnormalities was significantly higher (all P < .

Characterizing the admixed African ancestry of African Americans.

Background: Accurate, high-throughput genotyping allows the fine characterization of genetic ancestry. Here we applied recently developed statistical and computational techniques to the question of African ancestry in African Americans by using data on more than 450,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyped in 94 Africans of diverse geographic origins included in the HGDP, as well as 136 African Americans and 38 European Americans participating in the Atherosclerotic Disease Vascular Function and Genetic Epidemiology (ADVANCE) study. To focus on African ancestry, we reduced the data to include only those genotypes in each African American determined statistically to be African in origin.

Disparities in outpatient and home health service utilization following stroke: results of a 9-year cohort study in Northern California.

Objective: To examine whether there are disparities in utilization of outpatient and home care services after stroke.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: The Kaiser Permanente of Northern California health care system, which provides health care for approximately 3.

Disparities in stroke rehabilitation: results of a study in an integrated health system in northern California.

Objective: To determine whether there are disparities in postacute stroke rehabilitation based on type of stroke, race/ethnicity, sex/gender, age, socioeconomic status, geographic region, or service area referral patterns in a large integrated health system with multiple levels of care.

Design: Cohort study tracking rehabilitation services for 365 days after acute hospitalization for a first stroke.

Setting: The Northern California Kaiser Permanente Health System (approximately 3.

Risk factors for pelvis fracture in older persons.

From 1996 to 2001, the authors undertook a case-control study of 192 pelvis fracture cases (men and women) and 2,402 controls aged > or = 45 years at five Kaiser Permanente medical centers in Northern California. Most information on potential risk factors was obtained by means of an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Number of fractures since age 45 years and a maternal history of hip fracture were associated with increased risks.

Estrogen plus progestin and risk of venous thrombosis.

Context: Postmenopausal hormone therapy increases the risk of venous thrombosis. It is not known whether other factors influencing thrombosis add to this risk.

Objective: To report final data on incidence of venous thrombosis in the Women's Health Initiative Estrogen Plus Progestin clinical trial and the association of hormone therapy with venous thrombosis in the setting of other thrombosis risk factors.