Multisystem approach for management of OSA in Down syndrome: a case report.

Unlabelled: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common in children with Down syndrome, with reported prevalence rates as high as 69-76%. Multiple factors predispose children with Down syndrome for OSA, including craniofacial hypoplasia (maxillary and mandibular), airway abnormalities, macroglossia, generalized hypotonia, airway hypotonia, adenotonsillar hypertrophy, and obesity. Despite the fact that the pathophysiology for OSA in children with Down syndrome is multifactorial in nature, treatment methods have focused on soft tissue in the upper airway using adenotonsillectomy and/or continuous positive airway pressure therapy.

Which Method of Transportation Is Associated With Better Outcomes for Patients With Firearm Injuries to the Head and Neck?

Background: In firearm injuries (FI), rapid transportation is important for survival. Information regarding different methods of transportation for head and neck FI is limited.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to measure the association between method of transportation and the need for tracheostomy and/or intensive care unit (ICU).

Outcomes of Early Versus Late Tracheostomy in Patients With COVID-19: A Multinational Cohort Study.

Unlabelled: Timing of tracheostomy in patients with COVID-19 has attracted substantial attention. Initial guidelines recommended delaying or avoiding tracheostomy due to the potential for particle aerosolization and theoretical risk to providers. However, early tracheostomy could improve patient outcomes and alleviate resource shortages.

Changing Dynamics of Accreditation in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.

The Commission on Dental Accreditation is responsible for accrediting postgraduate dental education programs, including residencies and fellowships using a well-delineated process that includes an annual survey of various aspects of the program related to the Standards for Advanced Dental Education Programs in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and a program self-study and site visit with a review by the Specialty Education Review Committee of the Commission and the Commission on a 5-year cycle. The primary goal of the accreditation process is to assure the public, the profession, and the institution that the program is in compliance with the published standards.

Management of MACROGLOSSIA: Case Series and Suggested Algorithm.

Purpose: Idiopathic macroglossia is a rare entity of true tongue enlargement without an underlying etiology. There are only a few case reports on the diagnosis and management of idiopathic macroglossia. This study's purpose was to present a series of patients with idiopathic macroglossia and suggest a treatment algorithm.

Tracheostomies of Patients With COVID-19: A Survey of Infection Reported by Health Care Professionals.

Background: Health care professionals (HCPs) performing tracheostomies in patients with COVID-19 may be at increased risk of infection.

Objective: To evaluate factors underlying HCPs' COVID-19 infection and determine whether tracheostomy providers report increased rates of infection.

Methods: An anonymous international survey examining factors associated with COVID-19 infection was made available November 2020 through July 2021 to HCPs at a convenience sample of hospitals, universities, and professional organizations.

What do dental students expect from oral and maxillofacial surgery externships?

Introduction: Limited information exists on the goals and expectations of dental students from oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS) externships. This information is valuable to OMS residency programs. Dental students use externships to gain insight into various OMS residency programs.

Comprehensive analysis of patients with failure of mandibular hardware.

Objective: The purpose of the study was to characterize patients who had failure of mandibular hardware (FMH).

Study Design: This retrospective cohort study consisted of patients with mandible fractures (MFs) that required surgical intervention from 2012 to 2020. Patients were included when mandibular hardware failed.

Academic Global Surgery Curricula: Current Status and a Call for a More Equitable Approach.

Introduction: We aimed to search the literature for global surgical curricula, assess if published resources align with existing competency frameworks in global health and surgical education, and determine if there is consensus around a fundamental set of competencies for the developing field of academic global surgery.

Methods: We reviewed SciVerse SCOPUS, PubMed, African Medicus Index, African Journals Online (AJOL), SciELO, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS) and Bioline for manuscripts on global surgery curricula and evaluated the results using existing competency frameworks in global health and surgical education from Consortium of the Universities for Global Health (CUGH) and Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) professional competencies.

Results: Our search generated 250 publications, of which 18 were eligible: (1) a total of 10 reported existing competency-based curricula that were concurrent with international experiences, (2) two reported existing pre-departure competency-based curricula, (3) six proposed theoretical competency-based curricula for future global surgery education.

Frequency of Firearm Injuries to Head and Neck Increased During Covid-19 Pandemic.

Purpose: During coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic, hospitals faced challenges which were different than previous years. The purpose this study was to report frequency of firearm injuries (FI) to head and neck during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study reviewed patients in the Trauma Registry at Grady Memorial Hospital (GMH) in Atlanta, GA.

Management of pediatric facial fractures during COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused delays in medical and surgical interventions in most health care systems worldwide. Oral and maxillofacial surgeons (OMSs) delayed operations to protect themselves, patients, and staff. This article (1) presents one institution's experience in the management of pediatric craniomaxillofacial trauma during the COVID-19 pandemic and (2) suggests recommendations to decrease transmission.

A cross-sectional survey of anxiety levels of oral and maxillofacial surgery residents during the early COVID-19 pandemic.

Purpose: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has increased anxiety among the general population. The purpose of this project was to investigate attitudes and anxiety among oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS) residents during the early COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional study.

Does Burnout Exist in Academic Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in the United States?

Introduction: Information regarding burnout in academic oral and maxillofacial surgeons (OMSs) in the United States (US) does not exist. The purpose of this project was to answer the following question: "Does burnout exist in academic OMSs in the United States?"

Materials And Methods: A 15-question anonymous survey was created based on Expanded Physician Well-Being Index (WBI, MedEd Web Solutions). The survey was sent electronically to fellows of the American Academy of Craniomaxillofacial Surgeons (AACMS) consisting of demographics, professional obligations, wellness indicators (burnout, emotional hardening, depression, anxiety, fatigue, overwhelmed), and overall quality-of-life statements.

Review of Orbital Fractures in an Urban Level I Trauma Center.

Objective: To perform a comprehensive review and analysis of surgically treated orbital fractures.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort chart review study for surgically treated orbital fractures during 5 years.

Results: A total of 173 patients (average age 41.

Phase Ib Study of Chemoprevention with Green Tea Polyphenon E and Erlotinib in Patients with Advanced Premalignant Lesions (APL) of the Head and Neck.

Purpose: On the basis of synergistic effects between green tea polyphenon E (PPE) and EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor in preclinical studies, we conducted a phase Ib study of the PPE and erlotinib combination in patients with advanced premalignant lesions (APL) of the oral cavity and larynx.

Patients And Methods: Patients were treated with a fixed dose of PPE (200 mg three times a day) and dose escalation of erlotinib (50, 75, 100 mg daily) for 6 months with tissue biopsy at baseline and 6 months. Primary endpoints were safety and toxicity; secondary endpoints were evaluation of pathologic response, cancer-free survival (CFS), overall survival (OS), and biomarker modulation.

Considerations for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons in COVID-19 Era: Can We Sustain the Solutions to Keep Our Patients and Healthcare Personnel Safe?

Several uncertainties exist regarding how we will conduct our clinical, didactic, business, and social activities as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic abates and social distancing guidelines are relaxed. We anticipate changes in how we interact with our patients and other providers, how patient workflow is designed, the methods used to conduct our teaching sessions, and how we perform procedures in different clinical settings. The objective of the present report is to review some of the changes to consider in the clinical and academic oral and maxillofacial surgery workflow and, allow for a smoother transition, with less risk to our patients and healthcare personnel.

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in Low-Income and Middle-Income Countries.

Five billion people worldwide do not have access to safe, affordable surgical and anesthesia care. The burden of inadequate access to safe and affordable surgical care falls heaviest on individuals living in low-income and middle-income countries (LMIC), where 9 out of 10 people do not have access to basic surgical care. Global oral and maxillofacial surgical care is included in the global burden of surgical disease, and increased awareness of the need for global oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS), with the initiation, support, and funding of research on the need to develop a global OMS capacity-building strategy is imperative.

Pediatric Tumors of the Temporomandibular Joint.

The incidence of tumors and pseudotumors of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in the pediatric population is low. They are often challenging to recognize unless associated with signs and symptoms that may erroneously be interpreted as TMJ dysfunction. Tumors of the TMJ can be divided into 3 categories based on the nature and type of precursor cell involved in the tumor: benign tumors, malignant tumors, and pseudotumors.

Are oral and maxillofacial surgery residents being adequately trained to care for pediatric patients?

Objective: To evaluate whether current oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS) residents are receiving adequate training and experience to perform specific surgical procedures and anesthesia for pediatric patients.

Study Design: A 17-question survey was sent electronically to fellows of the American Academy of Craniomaxillofacial Surgeons. Descriptive data for individual surgeons, their associated residency programs, and the quantity of specific pediatric procedures they performed were collected.

Development of a Unifying Target and Consensus Indicators for Global Surgical Systems Strengthening: Proposed by the Global Alliance for Surgery, Obstetric, Trauma, and Anaesthesia Care (The G4 Alliance).

After decades on the margins of primary health care, surgical and anaesthesia care is gaining increasing priority within the global development arena. The 2015 publications of the Disease Control Priorities third edition on Essential Surgery and the Lancet Commission on Global Surgery created a compelling evidenced-based argument for the fundamental role of surgery and anaesthesia within cost-effective health systems strengthening global strategy. The launch of the Global Alliance for Surgical, Obstetric, Trauma, and Anaesthesia Care in 2015 has further coordinated efforts to build priority for surgical care and anaesthesia.