Failure rates of nonoperative management of low-grade splenic injuries with active extravasation: an Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma multicenter study.

Objectives: There is little evidence guiding the management of grade I-II traumatic splenic injuries with contrast blush (CB). We aimed to analyze the failure rate of nonoperative management (NOM) of grade I-II splenic injuries with CB in hemodynamically stable patients.

Methods: A multicenter, retrospective cohort study examining all grade I-II splenic injuries with CB was performed at 21 institutions from January 1, 2014, to October 31, 2019.

Chronic hypertension increases aortic endothelial hydraulic conductivity by upregulating endothelial aquaporin-1 expression.

Numerous studies have examined the role of aquaporins in osmotic water transport in various systems, but virtually none have focused on the role of aquaporin in hydrostatically driven water transport involving mammalian cells save for our laboratory's recent study of aortic endothelial cells. Here, we investigated aquaporin-1 expression and function in the aortic endothelium in two high-renin rat models of hypertension, the spontaneously hypertensive genetically altered Wistar-Kyoto rat variant and Sprague-Dawley rats made hypertensive by two-kidney, one-clip Goldblatt surgery. We measured aquaporin-1 expression in aortic endothelial cells from whole rat aortas by quantitative immunohistochemistry and function by measuring the pressure-driven hydraulic conductivities of excised rat aortas with both intact and denuded endothelia on the same vessel.

Safety and effectiveness of large volume coils in the treatment of small aneurysms.

Background And Purpose: Large volume soft design coils facilitate quicker aneurysm filling and high packing density. Our purpose was to analyze the feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of the Penumbra Coil 400 (PC400) system in the treatment of small aneurysms.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis of prospective data collected at three different centers was performed on consecutive aneurysms <10 mm treated with the PC400 system.

Revisiting the NIH Stroke Scale as a screening tool for proximal vessel occlusion: can advanced imaging be targeted in acute stroke?

Background And Purpose: Most patients with stroke-like symptoms screened by advanced imaging for proximal occlusion will not have a thrombus accessible by neurointerventional techniques. Development of a sensitive clinical scoring system for rapidly identifying patients with an emergent large vessel occlusion could help target limited resources and reduce exposure to unnecessary imaging.

Methods: This historical cohort study included patients who underwent non-contrast CT and CT angiography in the emergency department for stroke-like symptoms.

Metabolic characterization of nondiabetic severely obese patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: preoperative classification predicts the effects of gastric bypass on insulin-glucose homeostasis.

Introduction: Obese individuals may have normal insulin-glucose homeostasis, insulin resistance, or diabetes mellitus. Whereas gastric bypass cures insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus, its effects on normal physiology have not been described. We studied insulin resistance and beta-cell function for patients undergoing gastric bypass.

Effect of hepatic artery flow on bile secretory function after cold ischemia.

These studies evaluated the influence of hepatic arterial flow on biliary secretion after cold ischemia. Preparation of livers for transplantation or hepatic support impairs biliary secretion. The earliest indication of cold preservation injury during reperfusion is circulatory function.

Early ambulation after diagnostic angiography using 4-f catheters and sheaths: a feasibility study.

Purpose: To assess the feasibility and safety of early ambulation in patients undergoing transfemoral diagnostic angiography using 4-F catheters or sheaths.

Methods: In this prospective study approved by the institutional review board, patients undergoing diagnostic angiography were randomized to ambulate 3 or 6 hours after catheter or sheath removal. All patients were assessed for hematoma formation, pseudoaneurysm development, and other groin complications during the in-hospital recovery period and after 30 days.

Regulation of NFkappaB in hepatic ischemic preconditioning.

Background: The second messengers tyrosine kinase (TK) and protein kinase C (PKC) have been implicated in mediating the cellular signaling cascade during hepatic ischemic preconditioning (IPC). We evaluated the role of TK and PKC on the modulation of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NFkappaB) and its inhibitor IkappaB alpha during IPC.

Study Design: Yorkshire pigs underwent routine harvest.

Results of iliac artery stent placement in patients younger than 50 years of age.

Purpose: To determine long-term outcome in patients 50 years of age or younger treated with iliac artery stent placement.

Materials And Methods: The records of 412 patients who underwent iliac artery stent placement during a 62-month study period were reviewed retrospectively. Forty-two patients younger than age 50 (mean age = 45 y) at the time of stent placement were included in the study population.

Donor hepatic function: a factor in postreperfusion syndrome.

Reperfusion of support livers after cold preservation produces hemodynamic instability (i.e., postreperfusion syndrome) in the recipient during both orthotopic liver transplantation and extracorporeal liver perfusion.

Porcine hepatic phospholipid efflux during reperfusion after cold ischemia.

Background: Cold preservation produces hepatic injury that is difficult to assess during early reperfusion. The value of reperfusion plasma choline phospholipid in predicting subsequent organ function is documented in these studies.

Materials And Methods: Livers of female Yorkshire pigs were prepared for transplantation.