Dynamic Plasticity Model for Rapidly Heated 1045 Steel Up to 1000 °C.

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) developed an experimental technique to measure the dynamic flow stress of metals under rapid heating to study their time-dependent plastic response when heating times are short enough to interrupt or bypass thermally driven microstructural evolution. Such conditions may exist as chips are formed in the machining process. Measurements of American Iron and Steel Institute1045 steel behavior up to 1000 °C showed complex thermal softening due to dynamic strain aging effects and the diffusion-limited austenite transformation process beginning at the A1 temperature (712 °C).

Considering the influence of heating rate, complex hardening and dynamic strain aging in AISI 1045 machining: experiments and simulations.

In the modelling of machining operations, constitutive models must consider the material behavior subject to high plastic strains, high strain rates, high temperatures and high heating rates. A new material model for AISI 1045, which captures time-dependent plastic response associated with interrupted austenite transformation under short (sub-second) heating times, is deployed to simulate orthogonal cutting experiments. High speed video and digital image correlation measurements are used to capture chip behavior.

Identifying the dynamic compressive stiffness of a prospective biomimetic elastomer by an inverse method.

Soft elastomeric materials that mimic real soft human tissues are sought to provide realistic experimental devices to simulate the human body's response to blast loading to aid the development of more effective protective equipment. The dynamic mechanical behavior of these materials is often measured using a Kolsky bar because it can achieve both the high strain rates (>100s(-1)) and the large strains (>20%) that prevail in blast scenarios. Obtaining valid results is challenging, however, due to poor dynamic equilibrium, friction, and inertial effects.