Regulating the Spin-State of Cobalt in Three-Dimensional Covalent Organic Frameworks for High-Performance Sodium-Iodine Rechargeable Batteries.

Although the catalytic activity is heavily reliant on the electronic structure of the catalyst, understanding the impact of electron spin regulation on electrocatalytic performance is still rarely investigated. This work presents a novel approach involving the single-atom coordination of cobalt (Co) within metalloporphyrin-based three-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (3D-COFs) to facilitate the catalytic conversion for sodium-iodine batteries. The spin state of Co is modulated by altering the oxidation state of the porphyrin-centered Co, achieving optimal catalysis for iodine reduction.

Integrating generative AI with ABCDE rule analysis for enhanced skin cancer diagnosis, dermatologist training and patient education.

Significance: The early detection and accurate monitoring of suspicious skin lesions are critical for effective dermatological diagnosis and treatment, particularly for reliable identification of the progression of nevi to melanoma. The traditional diagnostic framework, the ABCDE rule, provides a foundation for evaluating lesion characteristics by visual examination using dermoscopes. Simulations of skin lesion progression could improve the understanding of melanoma growth patterns.

Development and validation of a short version of the quality of life-DSD questionnaire for parents of young children with conditions affecting sex development.

Background: There is a paucity of information on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes in parents and children with conditions affecting sex development. The objective of this study was to develop short forms of HRQoL questionnaires which consist of a 63-item and 25-item parent self-report (PSR) and parent proxy-report (PPR), respectively, optimizing use in routine clinical settings.

Methods: Short questionnaires were developed following exploratory factor analysis using raw data from 132 parents.

High adsorption to methylene blue based on FeO-N-banana-peel biomass charcoal.

This research focused on utilizing banana peel as the primary material for producing mesoporous biomass charcoal through one-step potassium hydroxide activation. Subsequently, the biomass charcoal underwent high-temperature calcination with varying impregnation ratios of KOH : BC for different durations in tubular furnaces set at different temperatures. The resultant biomass charcoal was then subjected to hydrothermal treatment with FeCl·6HO to produce biochar/iron oxide composites.

Short report: unmanned aerial vehicle for wide area larvicide spraying (WALS) using Vectobac® WG at Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.

Introduction: Given the stagnating progress in the fight against dengue in Kota Kinabalu, there is an urgent need to use other strategies to complement the existing vector control, focusing on larviciding. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology has been used in vector control programs in many countries. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of using UAVs for larviciding to control Aedes mosquitoes in urban areas.

Gonadal Function in Boys with Bilateral Undescended Testes.

Background: Bilateral undescended testes (BUDT) may be a marker of an underlying condition that affects sex development or maturation.

Aims: To describe the extent of gonadal dysfunction in cases of BUDT who had systematic endocrine and genetic evaluation at a single tertiary pediatric center.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of all boys with BUDT who had endocrine evaluation between 2008 and 2021 at the Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow (RHCG).

Learning curve of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair: systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression.

Background: Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair has a long learning curve. It can be a technically challenging procedure and initially presents an unfamiliar view of inguinal anatomy. The aim of this review was to evaluate published literature relating to the learning curve of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair and identify the number of cases required for proficiency.

Motor Neuron Disease Systematic Multi-Arm Adaptive Randomised Trial (MND-SMART): a multi-arm, multi-stage, adaptive, platform, phase III randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of repurposed drugs in motor neuron disease.

Introduction: Motor neuron disease (MND) is a rapidly fatal neurodegenerative disease. Despite decades of research and clinical trials there remains no cure and only one globally approved drug, riluzole, which prolongs survival by 2-3 months. Recent improved mechanistic understanding of MND heralds a new translational era with many potential targets being identified that are ripe for clinical trials.

Vascular dysfunction and increased cardiovascular risk in hypospadias.

Aims: Hypogonadism is associated with cardiovascular disease. However, the cardiovascular impact of hypogonadism during development is unknown. Using hypospadias as a surrogate of hypogonadism, we investigated whether hypospadias is associated with vascular dysfunction and is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

An Unusual Presentation of Blastomycosis-Like Pyoderma Gangrenosum.

Introduction: Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a complex disease that has the potential to mimic a wide variety of diseases and disorders. Pyoderma is a disease of exclusion, but it has many variants, including ulcerative, bullous, and pustular forms. Owing to the complexity of the disease, careful diagnosis is important because inappropriate treatment can result in wound recurrence.

Anesthetic Management for Thoracic Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Purpose Of Review: This review explores recent international guidance on the anesthetic management of patients undergoing thoracic surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: those with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 requiring urgent thoracic surgery and those presenting for elective procedures.

Recent Findings: A significant mortality risk is associated with patients with COVID-19 undergoing thoracic surgery; therefore, where possible, it should be avoided. Thoracic surgery also carries a significant risk of viral transmission to healthcare workers due to the necessarily high frequency of intraoperative aerosol-generating procedures involved, such as lung isolation, one-lung ventilation, and flexible bronchoscopy.

Successful use of azithromycin for Escherichia coli-associated renal allograft malakoplakia: a report of two cases.

Malakoplakia is a chronic granulomatous disease associated with incomplete clearance of bacterial pathogens. A multimodal approach to therapy includes antimicrobials with intracellular activity, reduction in immunosuppression, and debulking of lesions. Azithromycin has an intracellular mechanism of action and enhanced Gram-negative activity compared to other macrolides.

Addressing COVID-19 in Malawi.

: COVID-19 is a global public health threat that Africa faces including the country Malawi. With an already burdened health system and an economically challenged population due to the poverty level, Malawi is suddenly faced by a pandemic that will test the country's healthcare systems. Its government has already instituted an array of initiatives and plans and funding efforts toward the effective containment of the pandemic.

Study protocol for resolution of organ injury in acute pancreatitis (RESORP): an observational prospective cohort study.

Introduction: Survivors of acute pancreatitis (AP) have shorter overall survival and increased incidence of new-onset cardiovascular, respiratory, liver and renal disease, diabetes mellitus and cancer compared with the general population, but the mechanisms that explain this are yet to be elucidated. Our aim is to characterise the precise nature and extent of organ dysfunction following an episode of AP.

Methods And Analysis: This is an observational prospective cohort study in a single centre comprising a University hospital with an acute and emergency receiving unit and clinical research facility.

Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging predicts individual future liver performance after liver resection for cancer.

The risk of poor post-operative outcome and the benefits of surgical resection as a curative therapy require careful assessment by the clinical care team for patients with primary and secondary liver cancer. Advances in surgical techniques have improved patient outcomes but identifying which individual patients are at greatest risk of poor post-operative liver performance remains a challenge. Here we report results from a multicentre observational clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.

Long-Term Functional Patency and Cost-Effectiveness of Arteriovenous Fistula Creation under Regional Anesthesia: a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Regional anesthesia improves short-term blood flow through arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs). We previously demonstrated that, compared with local anesthesia, regional anesthesia improves primary AVF patency at 3 months.

Methods: To study the effects of regional versus local anesthesia on longer-term AVF patency, we performed an observer-blinded randomized controlled trial at three university hospitals in Glasgow, United Kingdom.

Management of the airway and lung isolation for thoracic surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: Recommendations for clinical practice endorsed by the Association for Cardiothoracic Anaesthesia and Critical Care and the Society for Cardiothoracic Surgery in Great Britain and Ireland.

Intra-operative aerosol-generating procedures are arguably unavoidable in the routine provision of thoracic anaesthesia. Airway management for such patients during the COVID-19 pandemic including tracheal intubation, lung isolation, one-lung ventilation and flexible bronchoscopy may pose a significant risk to healthcare professionals and patients. That said, there remains a need for timely thoracic surgery for patients with lung cancer or thoracic trauma.

PUVs are more common in boys with hypospadias.

Introduction: The association between posterior urethral valves (PUVs) and hypospadias has previously been reported in case reports. After the identification of this twin pathology in a number of patients, a national retrospective review of all patients with this dual diagnosis was performed.

Patients And Methods: All patients were identified in each centre from surgical databases of prospectively collated information on all surgical procedures.