The Effect of Stirrup Length on Impact Attenuation and Its Association With Muscle Strength.

Keener, MM, Critchley, ML, Layer, JS, Johnson, EC, Barrett, SF, and Dai, B. The effect of stirrup length on impact attenuation and its association with muscle strength. J Strength Cond Res 35(11): 3056-3062, 2021-Horseback-riders have a high prevalence of low back injuries, which may be related to the repetitive low back impacts experienced in riding.

Kinetic Analysis of Isometric Back Squats and Isometric Belt Squats.

Layer, JS, Grenz, C, Hinshaw, TJ, Smith, DT, Barrett, SF, and Dai, B. Kinetic analysis of isometric back squats and isometric belt squats. J Strength Cond Res 32(12): 3301-3309, 2018-Belt squats seem to provide an alternative to back squats.

VISUAL FEEDBACK ARRAY TO ACHIEVE REPRODUCIBLE LIMB DISPLACEMENTS AND VELOCITIES IN HUMANS.

Precise and reproducible feedback is important for studies on motor control, the adaptive responses to exercise training and the limits of human neuromuscular performance. For this purpose, a custom instrumentation array was previously developed to provide human subjects with visual feedback on their contractile durations and limb velocities during knee extension exercise. The array consisted of two columns, each with 14 high-visibility light emitting diodes.

Results of target tracking with a Musca domestica inspired sensor.

As a follow-up to previous work done at the University of Wyoming (and presented at a previous Rocky Mountain Bioengineering Symposium), this paper discusses the results of using a Musca domestica based sensor platform as a target tracking mechanism for the measurement of wing deflection of fixed-wing aircraft. The testing of the sensor hardware and accompanying software is described, and the results are analyzed. Work remains to be done to improve robustness and adaptability, but given specific operating conditions, the sensor is a viable alternative to other technologies, and provides results with improved efficiency, speed, and computational load.

Effect of sensor-target-background distance on target tracking using a fly eye sensor.

A multi-aperture optical sensor, known as a fly eye sensor, has been developed at the Wyoming Image and Signal Processing Research (WISPR) Laboratory based on the visual system of the common housefly Musca domestical. This biomimetic sensor shows promising edge detection capability, in varying contrast scenarios, with minimal processing overhead. Use of this sensor for fast motion detection, and object tracking is appealing, but optimizing the use of such a sensor requires detailed study.

Localization of a moving target using a fly eye sensor.

An optical sensor based on the visual system of the common housefly (Musca domestica) has been developed by the researchers at the Wyoming Image and Signal Processing Research (WISPR) Laboratory. This optical sensor shows promising peformance for detection of an edge in real-time, with minimal processing overhead. An application of this sensor might be the deflection measurement of a moving target, such as the wing of an aircraft under test.

Changes, adaptations, and applications of a bio inspired machine vision sensor - biomed 2013.

The Musca domestica (common housefly) biomimetic sensor project is an ongoing endeavor at the University of Wyoming. The project has developed a sensor platform based on the rudimentary function of a fly’s compound eye, including the inherent hyperacuity (high sensitivity to motion) present in the insect’s vision. The design portion of the project is nearing completion, and application driven characterization can now begin.

Development of an alternative to mechanical shaft encoders for a “smart” wheelchair.

One device that is receiving a considerable amount of attention in the biomedical community is the “smart” wheelchair. “Smart” wheelchairs provide those who are unable to control the traditional joystick of a powered wheelchair with an alternative option. With minimal user input, these wheelchairs are able to autonomously navigate around a person’s environment, providing them with a higher level of mobility.

Mapping and navigational control for a “smart” wheelchair.

A “smart” wheelchair is in development to provide mobility to those unable to control a traditional wheelchair. A “smart” wheelchair is an autonomous machine with the ability to navigate a mapped environment while avoiding obstacles. The flexibility and complex design of “smart” wheelchairs have made those currently available expensive.

Fly eye based sensor model and animation using matlab - biomed 2011.

A new optical sensor based on the common house fly, Musca domestica, has been under development for some time at the University of Wyoming. Each sensor consists of a series of photodiodes with overlapping Gaussian field of views. The photodiodes share a common facet lens.

Improved motion detection method using spot localization - biomed 2011.

The common house fly may be able to process certain features of images much faster than that of typical human vision. A computer model as well as a hardware model has been developed to simulate parts of the fly eye. One particular area of study in the software model has been motion detection.

Preliminary tests of a possible outdoor light adaptation solution for a fly inspired visual sensor: a biomimetic solution - biomed 2011.

Two previous papers, presented at RMBS in 2009 and 2010, introduced a fly inspired vision sensor that could adapt to indoor light conditions by mimicking the light adaptation process of the commonhousefly, Muscadomestica. A new system has been designed that should allow the sensor to adapt to outdoor light conditions which will enable the sensor’s use inapplications such as: unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) obstacle avoidance, UAV landing support, target tracking, wheelchair guidance, large structure monitoring, and many other outdoor applications. A sensor of this type is especially suited for these applications due to features of hyperacuity (or an ability to achieve movement resolution beyond the theoretical limit), extreme sensitivity to motion, and (through software simulation) image edge extraction, motion detection, and orientation and location of a line.

Signal artifacts in a light-adapted, Musca domestica-based sensor system - biomed 2011.

The Musca domestica (common housefly) sensor project is an ongoing endeavor at the University of Wyoming. The project seeks to develop a sensor based on the rudimentary function of a fly’s eye, including the inherent hyperacuity (high sensitivity to motion) present in the insect’s vision. During the summer of 2010, several characterization tests were conducted on the latest sensor design at the University of Wyoming.

Three-dimensional rendering of segmented object using matlab - biomed 2010.

The three-dimensional rendering of microscopic objects is a difficult and challenging task that often requires specialized image processing techniques. Previous work has been described of a semi-automatic segmentation process of fluorescently stained neurons collected as a sequence of slice images with a confocal laser scanning microscope. Once properly segmented, each individual object can be rendered and studied as a three-dimensional virtual object.

Instrumentation array for biomechanical reproducibility - biomed 2010.

The University of Wyomings Biomechanics Laboratory is examining the link between the energetics and mechanics of both human and animal locomotion. The group is currently investigating how there lative duration of muscular activity (i.e.

Musca domestica based machine vision sensor: a continuing project - biomed 2010.

The Musca domestica (common housefly) sensor project is an ongoing endeavor at the University of Wyoming. The project seeks to develop a sensor based on the rudimentary function of a flys eye, including the inherent hyperacuity (high sensitivity to motion) present in the insects vision system. The primary author participated in a Wyoming Undergraduate Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) summer research program in 2009.

Computer-assisted laser tattoo removal: a proposed prototype system - biomed 2009.

It is estimated that there are 7-20 million tattooed people in the United States. This number will probably grow as evidenced by reported increases in the number of tattoo studios and the sales of tattoo related supplies. Consistent with this growth in tattoo placement is anticipated increase in the demand for tattoo removals.

The design of an analog module for sensor adaptation to changes in ambient light: a bio-inspired solution - biomed 2009.

Fly inspired vision sensors have been shown to have many interesting qualities such as hyperacuity (or an ability to achieve movement resolution beyond the theoretical limit), extreme sensitivity to motion, and (through software simulation) image edge extraction, motion detection, and orientation and location of a line. Many of these qualities are beyond the ability of traditional computer vision sensors such as charge-coupled device (CCD) arrays. To obtain these characteristics, a prototype fly inspired sensor has been built and tested in a laboratory environment and shows promise.

Software model of an improved bio-inspired sensor - biomed 2009.

Researchers at the Wyoming Information, Signal Processing, and Robotics (WISPR) Laboratories are developing a bio-inspired sensor based on the visual system of the common house degrees y (Musca domestica). The degrees y's visual system has many bene cial characteristics which we seek to replicate. Most notably, degrees ies exhibit motion hyperacuity (i.

Graphical user interface to optimize image contrast parameters used in object segmentation - biomed 2009.

Image segmentation is the process of isolating distinct objects within an image. Computer algorithms have been developed to aid in the process of object segmentation, but a completely autonomous segmentation algorithm has yet to be developed [1]. This is because computers do not have the capability to understand images and recognize complex objects within the image.

Characterization of selected elementary motion detector cells to image primitives.

Developing a visual sensing system, complete with motion processing hardware and software would have many applications to current technology. It could be mounted on many autonomous vehicles to provide information about the navigational environment, as well as obstacle avoidance features. Incorporating the motion processing capabilities into the sensor requires a new approach to the algorithm implementation.

Bioinspired minimal machine multiaperture apposition vision system.

Traditional machine vision systems have an inherent data bottleneck that arises because data collected in parallel must be serialized for transfer from the sensor to the processor. Furthermore, much of this data is not useful for information extraction. This project takes inspiration from the visual system of the house fly, Musca domestica, to reduce this bottleneck by employing early (up front) analog preprocessing to limit the data transfer.

Redesign and construction of an artificial compound eye visual sensor.

During the design process of the biologically inspired degrees y eye sensor under development at the Wyoming Information, Signal Processing, and Robotics (WISPR) laboratory located at the University of Wyoming, a significant design challenge was encountered. Constructing a sensor required gluing 1 mm glass ball lenses to 1 mm fiber optic cables. This process is expensive and time consuming.

Expanding smart wheelchair technology for users with severe disabilities.

This paper describes multiple assistive technology components and solutions, including sensors, control systems, and wheelchair interface methods. Commercially available devices are examined, in order to take advantage of previous research and establish sets of commonly used technologies. Devices currently under development are also explored, in hopes of promoting more varied avenues of research.

A confocal laser scanning microscope segmentation method applied to magnetic resonance images.

Segmentation is the process of defining distinct objects in an image. A semi-automatic segmentation method has been developed for biological objects that have been recorded with a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). The CLSM produces a sequence of thinly "sliced" images that represent cross-sectional views of the sample containing the object of interest.