A complex haptic exercise to predict pre-clinic operative dentistry performance: A prospective study.

Purpose/objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine whether performance on a complex manual dexterity haptic test was associated with preclinical operative dentistry practical examination scores in handpiece naïve students.

Methods: Thirty-nine first-year pre-clinical operative dentistry students completed a 15-min complex manual dexterity exercise "D-circle" repeated eight times in succession before the beginning of the preclinical operative dentistry course. A composite haptic score was compared with students' subsequent preclinical operative examination performance and perceptual ability test scores.

Antibiotic prescription patterns among US general dentists and periodontists.

Background: In the absence of a full spectrum of evidence-based guidelines for the appropriate use of antimicrobial agents, dentists, including periodontists, remain a highly frequent antibiotic prescribing group. With the goal of understanding antibiotic prescribing practices, the authors surveyed a convenience sample of dental practitioners and periodontists to identify differences between the 2 cohorts and assess the factors that affect prescribing practices.

Methods: An institutional review board-approved 15-item survey was developed to capture antibiotic prescribing practices addressing the main research question, factors affecting systemic antibiotic prescription patterns, and prescription timing.

Bone Ring Allograft: Digitally Guided Placement in the Anterior Esthetic Area. A Retrospective Case Series.

This case series demonstrates a surgical technique consisting of a digitally planned and guided placement of a bone ring allograft and implant in the anterior esthetic zone. Eight consecutive patients with horizontal and vertical defects in the anterior maxilla underwent augmentation with a commercially available bone ring allograft and simultaneous implant placement using two digital guides. After 6 to 8 months, implants were uncovered and restored with a screw-retained prosthesis.

Effect of patient age awareness on diagnostic agreement of chronic or aggressive periodontitis between clinicians; a pilot study.

Background: The aim of this pilot study was to test whether diagnostic agreement of aggressive and chronic periodontitis amongst Board Certified Periodontists, is influenced by knowledge of a patient's age. In 1999 at the International World Workshop age was removed as a diagnostic criteria for aggressive periodontitis. The impact of this change on the diagnostic reliability amongst clinicians has not yet been assessed.

Changes in diabetes medications in the Diabetes and Periodontal Therapy Trial and their effect on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c).

Objective: Evaluate the effect of medications and medication changes during the Diabetes and Periodontal Therapy Trial (DPTT) on the primary study outcome, namely, change in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) at 6months following baseline.

Methods: The DPTT set strict criteria for changes in diabetes medications. Medication change was defined as: change in dose of any 1 oral hypoglycemic agent by more than two-fold, change in dose of insulin of >10% and/or addition or subtraction of an oral hypoglycemic agent, insulin or non-insulin injectable agents.

Systemic Inflammatory Biomarkers and Their Association With Periodontal and Diabetes-Related Factors in the Diabetes and Periodontal Therapy Trial, A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The present study evaluates effects of non-surgical periodontal treatment on serum biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2DM) and chronic periodontitis who participated in the Diabetes and Periodontal Therapy Trial (DPTT); and associations among diabetes markers, serum biomarkers, and periodontal measures in these patients.

Methods: DPTT participants randomized to receive immediate or delayed non-surgical periodontal therapy were evaluated at baseline and 6 months. Serum samples from 475 participants with 6-month data were analyzed for the following biomarkers: 1) high sensitivity C-reactive protein; 2) E-selectin; 3) tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α; 4) vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM); 5) interleukin (IL)-6; 6) IL-8; 7) intercellular adhesion molecule; and 8) IL-10.

Animal models for peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis.

The treatment of infectious diseases affecting osseointegrated implants in function has become a demanding issue in implant dentistry. Since the early 1990s, preclinical data from animal studies have provided important insights into the etiology, pathogenesis and therapy of peri-implant diseases. Established lesions in animals have shown many features in common with those found in human biopsy material.

An evaluation of recruitment methods utilized for a clinical trial with periodontal and diabetes enrollment criteria: the Diabetes and Periodontal Therapy Trial.

Background: Diabetes and its complications are a major United States public health concern.

Methods: The Diabetes and Periodontal Therapy Trial (DPTT) evaluated whether non-surgical treatment of periodontal disease influenced diabetes management among persons with Type 2 diabetes and periodontitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate DPTT's many recruitment strategies in terms of enrollment success.

Factors associated with the clinical response to nonsurgical periodontal therapy in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a growing health problem worldwide. People with T2DM are at risk of experiencing periodontitis and likely require treatment. Using data from the national multicenter Diabetes and Periodontal Therapy Trial (DPTT), the authors assessed patient-based characteristics associated with the clinical response to nonsurgical therapy.

Periodontal disease and glycemic control in diabetics.

Data Sources: Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). This was supplemented by handsearching of the Journal of Clinical Periodontology, Journal of Periodontology, Journal of Dental Research, Journal of Dentistry, Journal of Periodontal Research, International Journal of Periodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology 2000, Odontology, Clinical Oral Investigations, Annals of Periodontology, Journal of American Dental Association, British Dental Journal, Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, Diabetes, Diabetes Care, Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome, Diabetes & Metabolism and Annals of Internal Medicine. There were no language restrictions.

Full-mouth esthetic rehabilitation with acellular dermal matrix.

Treatment of multiple recession defects with the adjunct use of a connective tissue graft (CTG) represents a challenge when diagnosed in several teeth of the mouth. The amount of CTG harvested from the palate may not be adequate to address this condition. In such scenarios, alternative sources such as acellular dermal matrix (ADM) are preferred due to the unlimited availability.

The effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on hemoglobin A1c levels in persons with type 2 diabetes and chronic periodontitis: a randomized clinical trial.

Importance: Chronic periodontitis, a destructive inflammatory disorder of the supporting structures of the teeth, is prevalent in patients with diabetes. Limited evidence suggests that periodontal therapy may improve glycemic control.

Objective: To determine if nonsurgical periodontal treatment reduces levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in persons with type 2 diabetes and moderate to advanced chronic periodontitis.

A complex haptic exercise to predict preclinical operative dentistry performance: a retrospective study.

A reliable test of manual dexterity could potentially have utility in dental education. Recently, haptic technologies have emerged that may offer a means of testing manual dexterity in the preclinical setting. The purpose of this study was to determine whether performance on a complex haptic simulator exercise was associated with preclinical operative dentistry practical examination scores or the Perceptual Ability Test (PAT) scores of the Dental Admission Test.

A novel three-dimensional analysis of standardized bone defects by means of confocal scanner and micro-computed tomography.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to introduce a novel three-dimensional (3D) method to quantify the relative amount of different tissue components in bone substitute-treated defects by means of integration of confocal laser imaging into micro-computed tomography (μCT) analysis.

Materials And Methods: One standardized semisaddle intraosseous defect was prepared in the mandibles of six minipigs and scanned by an optical scanner to capture the surface of the fresh defect in a 3D manner. Subsequently, all the defects were filled with a biphasic calcium phosphate material.

Microradiography and microcomputed tomography comparative analysis in human bone cores harvested after maxillary sinus augmentation: a pilot study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare microradiography (MR) and microcomputed tomography (μCT) analysis of bone samples following maxillary sinus augmentation at different time periods and determine the relationships between measured area and volume fractions.

Materials And Methods: Lateral window sinus grafts were performed on 10 patients using a mineralized human bone allograft (MHBA). At implant placement, 5-13 months after surgery, 10 bone core biopsies were harvested.

Evidence that periodontal treatment improves diabetes outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Context: The effect of periodontal therapy on diabetes outcomes has not been established.

Objective: This update examines the effect of periodontal treatment on diabetes outcomes.

Data Sources: Literature since October 2009 using MEDLINE.

Evidence that periodontal treatment improves diabetes outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Context: The effect of periodontal therapy on diabetes outcomes has not been established.

Objective: This update examines the effect of periodontal treatment on diabetes outcomes.

Data Sources: Literature since October 2009 using MEDLINE.

Current status of periodontal risk assessment.

Chronic periodontitis is a destructive chronic inflammatory disease of bacterial etiology. Mounting evidence confirms that not all patients are susceptible to inflammatory periodontal disease, and further, that the extent and severity of its clinical manifestation varies as a function of individual risk. Risk assessment models are needed to target treatment effectively.

The use of haptics to predict preclinic operative dentistry performance and perceptual ability.

The aim of this study was to test whether performance on a range of manual dexterity haptic simulator exercises was associated with preclinical operative dentistry examination and Perceptual Ability Test (PAT) scores. Thirty-nine first-year dental students were tested with three haptic exercises--straight line, circle, and mirror line--each performed twice. Haptic exercise outcomes for accuracy, time, and success rate were measured using commercially available computer software.

Computer-assisted dental simulation as a predictor of preclinical operative dentistry performance.

We tested whether a computerized dental simulator (CDS) pre-test could predict preclinical operative dentistry examination scores. Thirty-eight first-year students completed cavity preparations during a single four-hour CDS pre-test prior to the operative dentistry course and during subsequent practical examinations. Masked, calibrated faculty members scored the preparations in both settings.

Sub-antimicrobial doxycycline for periodontitis reduces hemoglobin A1c in subjects with type 2 diabetes: a pilot study.

In vitro and animal studies suggest a possible role for the tetracycline class of drugs in the inhibition of non-enzymatic protein glycation. We conducted a 3-month, randomized placebo-controlled pilot clinical trial of conventional sub-gingival debridement (periodontal therapy), combined with either a three month regimen of sub-antimicrobial-dose doxycycline (SDD), a two week regimen of antimicrobial-dose doxycycline (ADD), or placebo in 45 patients with long-standing type 2 diabetes (mean duration 9 years) and untreated chronic periodontitis. Subjects were taking stable doses of oral hypoglycemic medications and/or insulin.

Prevalence and quality of endodontic treatment in the Northern Manhattan elderly.

Pulpitis results in significant morbidity among the elderly, particularly in underserved communities. We collected panoramic oral radiographs from 244 (mean age 67) participants of the Northern Manhattan Study, a prospective cohort study of stroke risk in a multiethnic urban population. Radiographs were evaluated for missing teeth, caries, restorations, periodontal bone loss, adequacy of endodontic treatment, and periapical radiolucencies.

The influence of diabetes on gingival crevicular fluid beta-glucuronidase and interleukin-8.

Objectives: Polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) dysfunction is associated with diabetes. We examined the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) beta-glucuronidase (BG) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels of periodontitis patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).

Material And Methods: Forty five adults with type 2 DM and 32 adults without DM, both with chronic periodontitis were enrolled.

Radiographic measures of chronic periodontitis and carotid artery plaque.

Background And Purpose: Chronic periodontitis (CP) is associated with stroke and subclinical atherosclerosis, but clinical measurement of CP can be time consuming and invasive. The purpose of this study was to determine whether radiographically assessed CP is associated with nonstenotic carotid artery plaque as an ultrasound measure of subclinical atherosclerosis.

Methods: Panoramic oral radiographs were obtained from 203 stroke-free subjects ages 54 to 94 during the baseline examination of the Oral Infections and Vascular Disease Epidemiology Study (INVEST).