Serial paired arterial and jugular venous point-of-care values in dogs undergoing manual basic life support.

Objective: To evaluate differences in point-of-care (POC) variables obtained from arterial and jugular venous blood in dogs undergoing manual basic life support (BLS) and report changes over time.

Design: Experimental study.

Setting: Small animal research facility.

2024 RECOVER Guidelines: Methods, evidence identification, evaluation, and consensus process for development of treatment recommendations.

Objective: To describe the methodology used by the Reassessment Campaign on Veterinary Resuscitation (RECOVER) to re-evaluate the scientific evidence relevant to CPR in small and large animals, to newborn resuscitation, and to first aid and to formulate the respective consensus-based clinical guidelines.

Design: This report describes the evidence-to-guidelines process employed by RECOVER that is based on the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach and includes Information Specialist-driven systematic literature search, evidence evaluation conducted by more than 200 veterinary professionals, and provision of clinical guidelines in the domains of Preparedness and Prevention, Basic Life Support, Advanced Life Support, Post-cardiac Arrest Care, Newborn Resuscitation, First Aid, and Large Animal CPR.

Setting: Transdisciplinary, international collaboration in academia, referral practice, and general practice.

2024 RECOVER Guidelines: Updated treatment recommendations for CPR in dogs and cats.

Objective: After the 2012 Reassessment Campaign on Veterinary Resuscitation (RECOVER) CPR Guidelines, this is an update of evidence-based consensus guidelines for Basic Life Support (BLS), advanced life support (ALS), and periarrest monitoring.

Design: These RECOVER CPR Guidelines were generated using a modified version of the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system for evidence evaluation and translation of this evidence into clear and actionable clinical instructions. Prioritized clinical questions in the Population, Intervention, Comparator, and Outcome (PICO) format were used as the basis to conduct systematic literature searches by information specialists, to extract information from relevant publications, to assess this evidence for quality, and finally to translate the findings into treatment recommendations.

2024 RECOVER Guidelines: Basic Life Support. Evidence and knowledge gap analysis with treatment recommendations for small animal CPR.

Objective: To systematically review evidence and devise treatment recommendations for basic life support (BLS) in dogs and cats and to identify critical knowledge gaps.

Design: Standardized, systematic evaluation of literature pertinent to BLS following Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology. Prioritized questions were each reviewed by 2 Evidence Evaluators, and findings were reconciled by BLS Domain Chairs and Reassessment Campaign on Veterinary Resuscitation (RECOVER) Co-Chairs to arrive at treatment recommendations commensurate to quality of evidence, risk to benefit relationship, and clinical feasibility.

Survey of Bacterial Isolates and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns from Dogs with Infective Endocarditis.

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a potentially fatal disease in dogs. Limited information exists regarding the characterization of bacterial isolates from dogs with IE. The objective of this study was to describe bacterial isolates associated with IE and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns.

Etiology and effusion characteristics in 29 cats and 60 dogs with pyothorax (2010-2020).

Background: Pyothorax, an accumulation of inflammatory fluid in the pleural space, is often caused by foreign body inhalation in dogs, whereas the etiology in cats can be more difficult to discern.

Objective: Compare clinical, microbiologic findings, and etiology in cats and dogs with pyothorax.

Animals: Twenty-nine cats and 60 dogs.

Retrospective evaluation of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema in dogs and cats (2000-2021): 31 cases.

Objective: To characterize the clinical features of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema (NCPE), etiology, and outcome in dogs and cats. The study also aimed to evaluate associations with mortality.

Design: Retrospective study.

Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns from urinary isolates obtained from cats (2013-2020).

Background: Bacterial urinary tract infections have been associated with comorbidities and increased antimicrobial resistance over time.

Objective: To identify bacterial species, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and risk factors associated with antimicrobial resistance.

Animals: Three hundred sixty-three positive urine cultures from 308 cats.

Characteristics of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Producing Enterobacterales Isolated from Dogs and Cats, 2011-2021.

The rising prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales is a significant threat to animal and human health. This study aims to describe the clinical features, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and genotypic features of infections associated with ESBL-producing Enterobacterales in dogs and cats seen at a tertiary referral veterinary teaching hospital. Enterobacterales isolated from dogs and cats that underwent ESBL testing during the study period were identified using a search of the hospital antimicrobial susceptibility test software database.

Association of point-of-care blood variables obtained from dogs and cats during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and following return of spontaneous circulation with patient outcomes.

Objective: To investigate the association of point-of-care biochemical variables obtained during CPR or within 24 hours of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) with patient outcomes.

Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: University teaching hospital.

Prevalence of dog erythrocyte antigen 1 in a population of dogs tested in California.

Background: Multiple studies have evaluated the breed-specific prevalence of dog erythrocyte antigen (DEA) 1 in various geographic regions. However, few large-scale studies exist that describe breed prevalence of DEA 1 in the United States.

Key Findings: From January 2000 to October 2020, 6469 dogs had their RBC antigen type determined and were included in the study.

Treatment strategies for hyperkalemia secondary to urethral obstruction in 50 male cats: 2002-2017.

Objectives: The aims of this study were: to describe the potassium-lowering treatment strategies used to manage moderate-to-severe hyperkalemia in male cats with urethral obstruction (UO); to determine how much dextrose was required per unit of insulin to prevent hypoglycemia; to determine whether early initiation of a dextrose continuous rate infusion (CRI) prevented hypoglycemia; and to determine whether in-hospital mortality was associated with presenting plasma potassium concentration ([K]).

Methods: The medical records of male cats presenting with a [K] ⩾7.0 mEq/l due to UO that had another [K] measured within 6 h were reviewed retrospectively.

Platelet Priming and Activation in Naturally Occurring Thermal Burn Injuries and Wildfire Smoke Exposure Is Associated With Intracardiac Thrombosis and Spontaneous Echocardiographic Contrast in Feline Survivors.

Unlabelled: Wildfires pose a major health risk for humans, wildlife, and domestic animals. We previously discovered pathophysiologic parallels between domestic cats with naturally occurring smoke inhalation and thermal burn injuries and human beings with similar injuries; these were characterized by transient myocardial thickening, cardiac troponin I elevation and formation of intracardiac thrombosis. While the underlying mechanisms remain unclear, results from murine models suggest that platelet priming and activation may contribute to a global hypercoagulable state and thrombosis.

Clinical and clinicopathological characteristics, treatment, and outcome for dogs and cats with confirmed foxtail foreign body lesions: 791 cases (2009-2018).

Objective: To describe the clinical and clinicopathological characteristics, treatment, and outcome for dogs and cats with a confirmed foxtail.

Design: Retrospective study utilizing a medical records database over a 10-year period from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2018.

Setting: University teaching hospital.

Presentation Variables Associated With the Development of Severe Post-obstructive Diuresis in Male Cats Following Relief of Urethral Obstruction.

Background: Diuresis following relief of urethral obstruction is a potentially life-threatening complication of feline urethral obstruction. Evidence regarding the incidence of post-obstructive diuresis (POD) in cats is scarce. Establishing historical, physical examination, and initial clinicopathologic variables associated with risk for developing POD may better enable clinicians to direct treatment for this common feline emergency and to educate clients regarding financial expectations.

Outcome and prognostic factors in infective endocarditis in dogs: 113 cases (2005-2020).

Background: Factors associated with outcome in dogs diagnosed with infective endocarditis (IE) are not well characterized.

Objectives: Evaluate outcome and prognostic factors in dogs with IE.

Animals: One hundred and thirteen dogs with IE.

Assessment of Zoonotic Risk following Diagnosis of Canine Tularemia in a Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital.

Tularemia is a rare zoonotic disease found worldwide. The agent responsible for disease, , is one of the most highly infectious pathogens known, one that is capable of causing life-threatening illness with inhalation of <50 organisms. High infectivity explains concerns of its use in bioterrorism.

Manual plasma exchange to treat an accidental overdose of intravenous lipid emulsion in a dog with baclofen toxicosis.

Case Description: An approximately 2-year-old sexually intact male German Shorthair Pointer was presented for treatment of baclofen toxicosis.

Clinical Findings: The dog had signs of severe baclofen toxicosis (no gag reflex, intermittent vocalization, and stupor) and received intravenous lipid emulsion (142 mL/kg) as a constant rate infusion over 11 hours. Severe hypertriglyceridemia (29,221 mg/dL; reference interval, 19 to 133 mg/dL) developed, followed by cardiovascular depression (poor peripheral perfusion, hyperlactatemia, and hypertension), severe hypoglycemia (26 mg/dL), acute kidney injury (serum creatinine, 3.

Indications and outcome associated with positive-pressure ventilation in dogs and cats: 127 cases.

Objectives: To determine the indications and outcomes of positive-pressure ventilation (PPV) and identify factors associated with successful weaning.

Design: Retrospective study from October 2009 to September 2013.

Setting: University teaching hospital.

Complications associated with long-term positive-pressure ventilation in dogs and cats: 67 cases.

Objectives: To determine the complications associated with positive-pressure ventilation (PPV) in dogs and cats.

Design: Retrospective study from October 2009 to September 2013.

Setting: University Teaching Hospital.

Retrospective evaluation of the prognostic utility of plasma lactate concentration and serial lactate measurements in dogs and cats presented to the emergency room (January 2012 - December 2016): 4863 cases.

Objective: To determine the prognostic significance of plasma lactate concentration, plasma lactate clearance, and delta lactate in dogs and cats presented to an emergency room (ER).

Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: University teaching hospital.

Characteristics of arterial catheter use and related complications in dogs and cats in an intensive care unit.

Objective: To identify characteristics of arterial catheter use, including indwelling times and reasons for removal, and analyze potential risk factors for complications based on patient- and catheter-related variables.

Design: Prospective clinical study from July 2012 to September 2016.

Setting: University teaching hospital.

Amitraz toxicosis in 3 dogs after being in a rice field.

Objective: To describe the clinical course and novel biochemical findings in 3 dogs with amitraz toxicosis.

Case Series Summary: Three Labrador Retrievers developed acute onset obtundation to stupor after being in a rice field. On admittance to the hospital, they all displayed bradycardia, hyperglycemia, hyperlactatemia, respiratory acidosis, and metabolic alkalosis.

Congenital pituitary cyst resulting in adipsic central diabetes insipidus and secondary hypernatremia in a cat.

Case Summary: A 9-month-old intact female domestic mediumhair cat presented with a 5-month history of obtundation, lethargy, hypernatremia (181 mmol/l; reference interval [RI] 151-158 mmol/l), hyperchloremia (142 mmol/l; RI 117-126 mmol/l), azotemia (blood urea nitrogen 51 mg/dl; RI 18-33 mg/dl), creatinine 3.0 mg/dl (RI 1.1-2.