Microincisions in cataract surgery.

Unlabelled: Improvements in phacoemulsification technology and instrumentation and intraocular lens materials and design have enabled cataract surgery to be performed through incisions smaller than 2.0 mm in external width. This evolution has occurred over time, with new challenges arising at each step of the decrease in incision size.

Multifocal intraocular lenses: relative indications and contraindications for implantation.

Unlabelled: This article presents an extensive overview of best clinical practice pertaining to selection and use of multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) currently available in the United States. Relevant preoperative diagnostic evaluations, patient selection criteria, counseling, and managing expectations are reviewed, as well as how to approach patients with underlying ocular intricacies or challenges and best practices for intraoperative challenges during planned implantation of a multifocal IOL. Managing the unhappy multifocal IOL patient if implantation has been performed is also addressed.

Effects of resynchronization strategies for lactating Holstein cows on pattern of reinsemination, fertility, and economic outcome.

The objectives were to evaluate the pattern of re-insemination, pregnancy outcomes to re-insemination in estrus and at fixed time, and economic outcomes of lactating Holstein cows submitted to three resynchronization protocols. Cows were enrolled in the Experiment at 32 ± 3 d after pre-enrollment Artificial Insemination (AI), 7 d before pregnancy diagnosis, and randomly assigned to three resynchronization protocols. All cows diagnosed not pregnant at 39 ± 3 d after pre-enrollment AI were submitted to the Cosynch72 (Day 0 GnRH, Day 7 prostaglandin F(2α), and Day 10 GnRH and fixed time AI).

Prevention, diagnosis, and management of acute postoperative bacterial endophthalmitis.

This distillation of the peer-reviewed scientific literature on infection after cataract surgery summarizes background material on epidemiology, etiology, and pathogenesis, describes the roles of surgical technique and antibiotic prophylaxis in prevention, and discusses diagnostic and therapeutic interventions in cases of suspected endophthalmitis.

A method for determining the analytical form of a radionuclide depth distribution using multiple gamma spectrometry measurements.

When characterizing environmental radioactivity, whether in the soil or within concrete building structures undergoing remediation or decommissioning, it is highly desirable to know the radionuclide depth distribution. This is typically modeled using continuous analytical expressions, whose forms are believed to best represent the true source distributions. In situ gamma ray spectroscopic measurements are combined with these models to fully describe the source.

A method for the quantitative gamma spectroscopic analysis of an unusually shaped unknown source.

An unmarked cylindrical device, identified as a ceramic high voltage capacitor, needed its radioactivity assessed so that proper disposal and shipping requirements could be met. Using a high purity germanium detector, naturally occurring 232Th was identified as the source of radioactivity. A series of point source measurements was made along the length of the item's axis using 60Co, having a gamma ray of nearly the same energy as one of the primary 232Th progeny photopeaks.

Posterior capsule opacification.

Purpose Of Review: This paper assesses the factors that contribute to the formation of an effective capsular bend as a deterrent to posterior capsule opacification. Its goal is to assist the practicing ophthalmologist in separating current understanding of this process from various working models previously proposed.

Recent Findings: While a square-edge design appreciably improves resistance to posterior capsule opacification, significant factors remain under the control of the surgeon.

Design of an inexpensive, flexible, shielded cave for environmental radioactivity measurements.

A graded-absorber radiation shield (cave) was designed with low cost and flexibility to lower background for counting environmental and other samples containing small amounts of radioactivity.

Forceps insertion with incisional anesthesia for Sensar intraocular lenses.

This technique to prevent self-adherence of the Sensar acrylic intraocular lens (IOL) optic during forceps insertion with wound stretch includes modifications to the 3-and-9 insertion technique to prevent difficulties that may be encountered with this phenomenon. To decrease patient sensation during IOL insertion and thus improve surgeon control, the corneal tunnel incision is directly anesthetized.

Cortical removal simplified by J-cannula irrigation.

Subincisional cortical removal is one of the more specific obstacles impeding the performance of uneventful cataract extraction. In this technique, staged use of a J-cannula irrigates the cortex remaining after phacoemulsification, particularly in the subincisional space. This is followed by standard automated aspiration.