Retrospective methods to estimate radiation dose at the site of breast cancer development after Hodgkin lymphoma radiotherapy.

Background: An increased risk of breast cancer following radiotherapy for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) has now been robustly established. In order to estimate the dose-response relationship more accurately, and to aid clinical decision making, a retrospective estimation of the radiation dose delivered to the site of the subsequent breast cancer is required.

Methods: For 174 Dutch and 170 UK female patients with breast cancer following HL treatment, the 3-dimensional position of the breast cancer in the affected breast was determined and transferred onto a CT-based anthropomorphic phantom.

Radiologic features of breast cancer after mantle radiation therapy for Hodgkin disease: a study of 230 cases.

Purpose: To retrospectively review diagnostic mammography in women diagnosed with breast cancer who previously had mantle field radiation therapy for Hodgkin disease in England and Wales over a period of 30 years.

Materials And Methods: From a national cohort study of 5002 women treated with supradiaphragmatic radiation therapy when they were younger than 36 years (mean, 22.1 years) during 1956-2003, 392 patients developed breast cancer.

Diffusion-weighted imaging of the high-risk breast: Apparent diffusion coefficient values and their relationship to breast density.

Purpose: To document the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of fibroglandular breast tissue in women at high-risk of developing breast cancer and investigate the relationship between ADC and breast density.

Materials And Methods: Local research ethics approval was obtained. A total of 33 high-risk women including 17 BRCA1/2 mutation carriers (mean age, 43 years) and 16 women postmantle irradiation (mean age 40 years) underwent diffusion-weighted MRI between days 6 and 16 of their menstrual cycle.

A 2-year-old boy with hemolytic uremic syndrome and pneumocephalus.

Clostridium septicum infection following hemolytic uremic syndrome is rare and carries a poor prognosis, especially when the brain is involved. We report a case of a previously healthy 2-year-old boy who presented with two days of anuria and bloody diarrhea. He was admitted to the local children's hospital with a diagnosis of hemolytic uremic syndrome, presumably secondary to E.

The breast lesion excision system (BLES): a novel technique in the diagnostic and therapeutic management of small indeterminate breast lesions?

Objective: To investigate whether the breast lesion excision system (BLES) could render formal surgery unnecessary in patients with small indeterminate breast lesions.

Methods: Following review board ethical permission and the consent of each patient, we aimed to perform a complete excision biopsy, with a margin, of small indeterminate breast lesions that measure less than 1 cm. 76 patients with small BIRADS type 3 breast lesions underwent a BLES biopsy.

The normal post-surgical anatomy of the male pelvis following radical prostatectomy as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging.

The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearances of recurrent prostate cancer following radical prostatectomy have been documented in the radiology literature; however little has been written on the range of normal post-operative appearances. Common routes of surgical access for radical prostatectomy include retropubic and transperineal, although newer minimally invasive methods are gaining increasing acceptance. Specifically the range of appearances of the anastomotic site, the prostatic bed, the position of the bladder base, periurethral tissue, levator sling, rectum and residual seminal vesicles (if present) are demonstrated.

Adult rhabdomyosarcoma: cross-sectional imaging findings including histopathologic correlation.

Objective: The purpose of our study was to present the MRI and CT features of adult rhabdomyosarcomas with histopathologic correlation. Forty-nine sequential cases were incorporated over a 5-year period from the sarcoma unit database. Twenty-six patients had adequate imaging (16 MRI, 10 CT) and histopathology available for retrospective review.

Rectal carcinoma: MRI with histologic correlation before and after chemoradiation therapy.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to use MRI to compare the morphologic features of rectal cancer before and 6 weeks after chemotherapy and radiation treatment to correlate the posttreatment MRI appearances with the histologic findings in resected tumors.

Materials And Methods: High-resolution T2-weighted MRI was performed before and immediately after a standardized 5-week course of chemoradiation therapy in the care of 30 patients with locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the rectum. Changes in morphologic features were evaluated with respect to primary tumor and nodal downstaging.