Synthesis of Ti Complexes Supported by an ortho-terphenoxide Ligand and their Applications in Alkyne Hydroamination Catalysis.

The synthesis of a series of Ti complexes of an aryl-linked -phenoxide ligand, 3,3''-di-tert-butyl-5,5''-dimethyl-[1,1':2',1''-terphenyl]-2,2''-bis(olate), (TPO)H, is reported. This -linked terphenyl ligand builds on previously reported and linked terphenyl based ligands, completing the isomeric series of terphenoxide ligands. The 4-coordinate (TPO)Ti(NMe) is an active catalyst for alkyne hydroamination with a variety of arylamines, revealing good regioselectivity in reactions with unsymmetric alkynes.

21-Gene Recurrence Score for prognosis and prediction of taxane benefit after adjuvant chemotherapy plus endocrine therapy: results from NSABP B-28/NRG Oncology.

Background: The 21-gene recurrence score (RS) predicts outcome and benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy benefit in breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant endocrine therapy. In the NSABP B-28 study, we evaluated the 21-gene RS for its prognostic impact and its ability to predict benefit from paclitaxel (P) in node-positive, estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy plus tamoxifen.

Methods: The B-28 trial compared doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide (AC) with AC followed by P in 3060 patients.

21-Gene Recurrence Score and Locoregional Recurrence in Node-Positive/ER-Positive Breast Cancer Treated With Chemo-Endocrine Therapy.

Background: The 21-gene recurrence score (RS) predicts risk of locoregional recurrence (LRR) in node-negative, estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. We evaluated the association between RS and LRR in node-positive, ER-positive patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy plus tamoxifen in National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project B-28.

Methods: B-28 compared doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide (AC X 4) with AC X 4 followed by paclitaxel X 4.

The relationship between quantitative human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 gene expression by the 21-gene reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay and adjuvant trastuzumab benefit in Alliance N9831.

Introduction: The N9831 trial demonstrated the efficacy of adjuvant trastuzumab for patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) locally positive tumors by protein or gene analysis. We used the 21-gene assay to examine the association of quantitative HER2 messenger RNA (mRNA) gene expression and benefit from trastuzumab.

Methods: N9831 tested the addition of trastuzumab to chemotherapy in stage I-III HER2-positive breast cancer.

A population-based validation study of the DCIS Score predicting recurrence risk in individuals treated by breast-conserving surgery alone.

Validated biomarkers are needed to improve risk assessment and treatment decision-making for women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast. The Oncotype DX DCIS Score (DS) was shown to predict the risk of local recurrence (LR) in individuals with low-risk DCIS treated by breast-conserving surgery (BCS) alone. Our objective was to confirm these results in a larger population-based cohort of individuals.

A multigene expression assay to predict local recurrence risk for ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast.

Background: For women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast, the risk of developing an ipsilateral breast event (IBE; defined as local recurrence of DCIS or invasive carcinoma) after surgical excision without radiation is not well defined by clinical and pathologic characteristics.

Methods: The Oncotype DX breast cancer assay was performed for patients with DCIS treated with surgical excision without radiation in the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) E5194 study. The association of the prospectively defined DCIS Score (calculated from seven cancer-related genes and five reference genes) with the risk of developing an IBE was analyzed using Cox regression.

Cerebrovascular accidents in patients treated for choroidal neovascularization with ranibizumab in randomized controlled trials.

Purpose: To analyze cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs) pooled from large, randomized, controlled clinical trials of ranibizumab treatment for neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Methods: Events in five trials (FOCUS, MARINA, ANCHOR, PIER, and SAILOR) were analyzed using a standard safety monitoring process. Exact methods, stratified by study, were used to test for treatment differences based on odds ratios.

Pioneers in trauma care at Harborview Medical Center.

Harborview Medical Center in Seattle has been home to the pioneering work of University of Washington (UW) Medicine physicians and staff who have led innovations to improve trauma care for more than 40 years. As the only level I adult and pediatric trauma center and regional burn center for Washington, Alaska, Montana, and Idaho, Harborview provides cares for more than 6500 critically injured trauma and burn patients per year. Our physicians, researchers and staff are recognized as national experts and as collaborative partners with nursing in the delivery of outstanding clinical care, research, and education.

Risk factors for rate of decline in forced expiratory volume in one second in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis.

Objectives: To characterize the rate of decline of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1)) in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis and to identify and compare risk factors associated with FEV(1) decline.

Study Design: The rate of decline in FEV(1)% predicted over 3 to 6 years in 3 different age groups was determined. Risk factors for decline were identified and compared among and within age groups as a function of disease severity with repeated-measures, mixed-model regression.

Pulmonary exacerbations in cystic fibrosis.

The clinical characteristics most relevant to the decision to treat for a pulmonary exacerbation with antibiotics in cystic fibrosis patients were determined. Variables including age, increased cough frequency and sputum production, new crackles and wheezing, asthma, symptomatic sinusitis, hemoptysis, decreased lung function, weight loss, and new acquisition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were collected in a large prospective multicenter database (Epidemiologic Study of Cystic Fibrosis). During a 12-month baseline period, data from 11692 patients were compared with data collected during the subsequent 6-month study period.

Growth and nutritional indexes in early life predict pulmonary function in cystic fibrosis.

Objective: To determine the relation of growth and nutritional status to pulmonary function in young children with cystic fibrosis (CF).

Study Design: The relation of weight-for-age (WFA), height-for-age (HFA), percent ideal body weight (%IBW), and signs of lung disease at age 3 years with pulmonary function at age 6 years was assessed in 931 patients with CF. Associations of changes in WFA from age 3 to 6 on pulmonary function were also assessed.

Factors influencing outcomes in cystic fibrosis: a center-based analysis.

Context: Guidelines for managing cystic fibrosis (CF) patients have been widely circulated, but little is known about the variations in practice between sites and their association with outcomes.

Objective: To determine whether differences in lung health existed between groups of patients attending different CF care sites and to determine whether these differences are associated with differences in monitoring and intervention.

Design: The analysis was conducted using data from the Epidemiologic Study of Cystic Fibrosis from 1995 through 1996.

Paralyzed with pain: the need for education.

This report surveyed the pharmacologic knowledge of the physician housestaff and intensive care nurses regarding the analgesic and anxiolytic effects of narcotics, benzodiazepines and neuromuscular blockers. The results demonstrated a commonly held misconception that muscular paralysis is a calm and painless state. The authors instituted an educational program stressing the need for analgesic and anxiolytic medications in conjunction with paralytic agents.