The Role of Immunotherapy in the Management of Esophageal Cancer in Patients Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation: An Analysis of the National Cancer Database.

Background: The current National Comprehensive Cancer Network advises neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery for locally advanced cases of esophageal cancer. The role of immunotherapy in this context is under heavy investigation.

Methods: Patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma were identified in the National Cancer Database (NCDB) from 2004 to 2019.

Investigating the toxic effects of 2-aminoanthracene ingestion in pregnant Sprague Dawley dams.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) refer to organic compounds that are byproducts of incomplete combustion of fossil fuels and wood. One specific polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, 2-aminoanthracene (2AA), is a member of a broader group of compounds known as anthracenes, which have been classified by the United States Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ASTDR) as one of a group of PAHs of top concern based on their greater potential risk for exposure and greater harmful effects to humans, compared to other PAHs. Previous research has shown that 2AA affects genes involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, inflammatory stress responses, and immune system responses, among other processes.