Surgical management of acute complications and critical restenosis following carotid artery stenting.

Carotid artery angioplasty with stenting (CAS) is being increasingly used in the treatment of extracranial carotid artery stenosis. As in other catheter-based approaches to the treatment of arterial disease, surgical intervention may be required because of either acute complications or correct critical restenosis. We have reviewed our experience managing early complications and critical in-stent restenoses after CAS in a tertiary care university hospital and a Veterans Affairs Medical Center.