Ankle Injury Prevention Programs for Youth Sports: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Context: Previous research has demonstrated that using a multicomponent approach to ankle injury preventions can significantly reduce ankle injuries; however, these studies lack specific intervention recommendations.

Objective: To evaluate the exercise components of prevention programs on ankle injuries specifically in high school athletes. Secondary objectives were to assess the overall effectiveness of prevention programs on ankle injuries in this population and how compliance and education may impact success.

Comparative effectiveness of pelvic floor muscle training, mirabegron, and trospium among older women with urgency urinary incontinence and high fall risk: a feasibility randomized clinical study.

Background: Untreated, urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) and overactive bladder (OAB) can precipitate a vicious cycle of decreasing physical activity, social isolation, fear of falling, and falls. Structured behavioral interventions and medications are common initial treatment options, but they elicit their effects through very different mechanisms of action that may influence fall-related outcomes differently. This study will determine the feasibility of conducting a comparative effectiveness, three-arm, mixed methods, randomized clinical trial of a behaviorally based pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) intervention versus two recent drug options in older women with UUI or OAB who are also at increased risk of falling.

Increase in the Initial Outpatient Rehabilitation Utilization for Patients With Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to examine the patient characteristics and features associated with the initial rehabilitation utilization with a particular emphasis on outpatient rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) among 2016-2018 Texas Medicare enrollees.

Design: This is a retrospective cohort study. We used chi-square tests to examine the variability in patient demographic and clinical characteristics across the different post-acute rehabilitation settings after TKA.

Cumulative Effects of Comorbid Burden and Overactive Bladder Symptoms on Fall Risk Among Older Women Seeking Treatment for Urogynecologic Conditions.

Importance: Overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome and urinary incontinence, age, and comorbid burden are strong risk factors for falls in women. Less is known about their cumulative effects on fall risk in a urogynecologic population.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of coexisting OAB, older age, and comorbidities on risk of falling among treatment seeking women with pelvic floor disorders.

Efficacy of Behavioral Interventions for Urinary Incontinence Among Women Residing in Nursing Homes: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize recent evidence on the efficacy of behavioral interventions for the management of urinary incontinence (UI) among women in nursing homes.

Methods: Systematic review of the literature. For this review, behavioral interventions were defined as those that included some form of physical exercise or behavior modification such as scheduled toileting.

Feasibility of a 4-Week Manual Therapy and Exercise Intervention on Posture and Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Pilot Study.

Background And Purpose: Thoracic hyperkyphosis is a common condition that progresses with aging and has been associated with impaired functional performance, increased risk of falls, and even mortality. Previous studies to improve posture primarily used exercise for durations of 3 months or longer. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the feasibility of a manual therapy intervention in community-dwelling older adults over a 4-week time frame that is comparable to the typical clinical setting, to test the appropriateness and procedures for the measurement of posture and function in the older population with hyperkyphosis, and to collect preliminary data to describe change in posture and function measures.

Prevalence and Predictors of Increased Fall Risk Among Women Presenting to an Outpatient Urogynecology and Pelvic Health Center.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of increased fall risk among women presenting to a large pelvic health center using a screening method compatible with the busy clinic environment and to identify factors associated with increased risk.

Methods: A retrospective medical records review was conducted on consecutive treatment-seeking women presenting to a Urogynecology & Pelvic Health Center over 6 months. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths, and Injuries fall risk screening tool was included among the intake questionnaires all patients completed before their scheduled appointments.

Effect of Electronic Activity Monitors and Pedometers on Health: Results from the TAME Health Pilot Randomized Pragmatic Trial.

Brief counseling and self-monitoring with a pedometer are common practice within primary care for physical activity promotion. It is unknown how high-tech electronic activity monitors compare to pedometers within this setting. This study aimed to investigate the outcomes, through effect size estimation, of an electronic activity monitor-based intervention to increase physical activity and decrease cardiovascular disease risk.

Use of the ICD-10 vision codes to study ocular conditions in Medicare beneficiaries with stroke.

Background: Ocular conditions are common following stroke and frequently occur in combination with pre-existing ophthalmologic disease. The Medicare International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) coding system for identifying vision related health conditions provides a much higher level of detail for coding these complex scenarios than the previous ICD-9 system. While this new coding system has advantages for clinical care and billing, the degree to which providers and researchers are utilizing the expanded code structure is unknown.

Pain-Reducing Effects of Physical Therapist-Delivered Interventions: A Systematic Review of Randomized Trials Among Older Adults With Dementia.

Background And Purpose: Pain is common among older adults with dementia. There are nonpharmacological options for managing pain in this population. However, the effects of physical therapist-delivered interventions have not been summarized.

Data Science in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation: Opportunities and Challenges.

The biomedical scientific community is in the midst of a significant expansion in how data are used to accomplish the important goals of reducing disability and improving health care. Data science is the academic discipline emerging from this expansion. Data science reflects a new approach to the acquisition, storage, analysis, and interpretation of scientific knowledge.

Functional Improvements Utilizing the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) in the Elderly after Epidural Steroid Injections.

Purpose Of Review: The treatment of debilitating pain and loss of function secondary to lumbar stenosis is in high demand with the aging patient population. Options, including epidural steroid injections (ESIs) and medication therapy, are limited and it is unclear if they provide any functional improvements. In this prospective study, we evaluate functional outcomes in older adults with symptomatic lumbar stenosis treated with ESIs compared to those managed with medications by introducing the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB).

A global health training model for teaching pediatric clinical decision making skills to Rwandan physical therapists: A case report.

: There is increasing interest among physical therapists from high-income countries to participate in education development projects in low-income countries. However, there are few examples in the literature of effective developmental models or projects. This case report describes a model for improving pediatric clinical decision making skills among Rwandan physical therapists using best practices in clinical decision making, evidence-based practice where possible, and use of the International Classification of Functioning and Disability (ICF) model.

Same But Different: FIM Summary Scores May Mask Variability in Physical Functioning Profiles.

Objective: To examine how similar summary scores of physical functioning using the FIM can represent different patient clinical profiles.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Inpatient rehabilitation facilities.

The feasibility and RE-AIM evaluation of the TAME health pilot study.

Background: Conducting 5 A's counseling in clinic and utilizing technology-based resources are recommended to promote physical activity but little is known about how to implement such an intervention. This investigation aimed to determine the feasibility and acceptability, using the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) framework, of a pragmatic, primary care-based intervention that incorporated 5 A's counseling and self-control through an activity monitor.

Methods: Primary care patients (n = 40) 55-74 years of age were recruited and randomized to receive a pedometer or an electronic activity monitor (EAM), Jawbone UP24, to monitor activity for 12 weeks.

A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial of Interventions to Improve Functional Recovery After Hospitalization in Older Adults: Feasibility and Adherence.

Background: Hospitalization is a major risk factor for functional decline, disability, loss of independence, and mortality in older adults. Evidence-based interventions to improve functional recovery from hospitalization are difficult to evaluate and implement in geriatric patients. The goal of this pilot study was to test the feasibility of recruiting geriatric inpatients and implementing pragmatic interventions to improve physical function following hospitalization.

Patient-centered mobility outcome preferences according to individuals with stroke and caregivers: a qualitative analysis.

Purpose: To explore the mobility-related preferences among stroke survivors and caregivers following post-acute rehabilitation at inpatient or skilled nursing facilities.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study; semi-structured, qualitative interviews of stroke survivors (n = 24) and informal caregivers (n = 15) were conducted. The participants were recruited from the community.

Duration to Admission and Hospital Transfers Affect Facility Rankings from the Postacute 30-Day Rehospitalization Quality Measure.

Objective: To examine changes in facility-level risk-standardized rehospitalization rankings for postacute inpatient rehabilitation facilities after modifying two model parameters.

Data Sources: We used national Medicare enrollment, claims, and assessment data to study 522,260 patients discharged from inpatient rehabilitation in fiscal years 2010-2011.

Study Design: We calculated risk-standardized 30-day unplanned rehospitalization rates for 1,135 inpatient rehabilitation facilities using four approaches.

Inpatient Walking Activity to Predict Readmission in Older Adults.

Objective: To compare the 30-day readmission predictive power of in-hospital walking activity and in-hospital activities of daily living (ADLs) in older acutely ill patients. In addition, we sought to identify preliminary walking thresholds that could support the targeting of interventions aimed at minimizing rehospitalizations.

Design: Prospective, observational clinical cohort study.

Identifying effective and feasible interventions to accelerate functional recovery from hospitalization in older adults: A randomized controlled pilot trial.

Hospitalization induces functional decline in older adults. Many geriatric patients fail to fully recover physical function after hospitalization, which increases the risk of frailty, disability, dependence, re-hospitalization, and mortality. There is a lack of evidence-based therapies that can be implemented following hospitalization to accelerate functional improvements.

Testing Activity Monitors' Effect on Health: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial Among Older Primary Care Patients.

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality in the United States. Maintaining healthy levels of physical activity is critical to cardiovascular health, but many older adults are inactive. There is a growing body of evidence linking low motivation and inactivity.

Predictors of 30-Day Readmission Following Inpatient Rehabilitation for Patients at High Risk for Hospital Readmission.

Background: The proposed Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) 30-day readmission risk standardization models for inpatient rehabilitation facilities establish readmission risk for patients at admission based on a limited set of core variables. Considering functional recovery during the rehabilitation stay may help clinicians further stratify patient groups at high risk for hospital readmission.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify variables in the full administrative medical record, particularly in regard to physical function, that could help clinicians further discriminate between patients who are and are not likely to be readmitted to an acute care hospital within 30 days of rehabilitation discharge.

Gait Speed and Dismobility in Older Adults.

Objectives: To classify hospitalized older patients with slow gait speed, and test the hypothesis that slow gait speed or dismobility is associated with increased mortality risk.

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Acute care geriatric hospital unit.

Estimating energy expenditure for different assistive devices in the school setting.

Purpose: This case report describes a simple means of estimating energy costs for a child with cerebral palsy using different assistive devices within a school setting.

Key Points: A 9-year-old boy, Gross Motor Function Classification Scale level III, was assessed over 8 ambulation trials using a posterior walker and using forearm crutches. Each trial was followed by a fine motor accuracy task.

Mobility after hospital discharge as a marker for 30-day readmission.

Background: Little is known about older patient's mobility soon after discharge home from an acute hospitalization. We examined daily postdischarge mobility levels as marker of overall health and response to in-hospital treatment in older medicine patients.

Methods: One hundred and eleven ambulatory men and women aged 65 years and older hospitalized with an acute medical illness and discharged to home were studied.