Reciprocating Rasp for Use in Mandibular Anterior Subapical Osteotomy.

The article describes a reciprocating rasp used in the mandibular anterior subapical osteotomy. Over the past 2 years, reciprocating rasp osteotomy was introduced in the Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery Department of Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital. No complication such as bleeding, wound infection, or tissue necrosis has been encountered.

Collaborative Control Method and Experimental Research on Robot-Assisted Craniomaxillofacial Osteotomy Based on the Force Feedback and Optical Navigation.

Objective: Surgical robot has advantages in high accuracy and stability. But during the robot-assisted bone surgery, the lack of force information from surgical area and incapability of intervention from surgeons become the obstacle. The aim of the study is to introduce a collaborative control method based on the force feedback and optical navigation, which may optimally combine the excellent performance of surgical robot with clinical experiences of surgeons.

A Self-Supervised Deep Framework for Reference Bony Shape Estimation in Orthognathic Surgical Planning.

Virtual orthognathic surgical planning involves simulating surgical corrections of jaw deformities on 3D facial bony shape models. Due to the lack of necessary guidance, the planning procedure is highly experience-dependent and the planning results are often suboptimal. A reference facial bony shape model representing normal anatomies can provide an objective guidance to improve planning accuracy.

Modified Gap Arthroplasty for Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis Following Radiotherapy for Rhabdomyosarcoma: Report of an Unusual Case and Brief Literature Review.

Radiotherapy at the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) area often results in trismus, however, post radiation ankylosis is extremely rare and has not been previously reported in literature. Radiation is known to impact the vasculature of bony structures leading to bone necrosis with certain risk factors including surgical intervention, even teeth extraction, that could lead to osteoradionecrosis. Accordingly, gap arthroplasty for such case seemed rather challenging.

Unsupervised learning of reference bony shapes for orthognathic surgical planning with a surface deformation network.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to reduce the experience dependence during the orthognathic surgical planning that involves virtually simulating the corrective procedure for jaw deformities.

Methods: We introduce a geometric deep learning framework for generating reference facial bone shape models for objective guidance in surgical planning. First, we propose a surface deformation network to warp a patient's deformed bone to a set of normal bones for generating a dictionary of patient-specific normal bony shapes.

Estimating Reference Bony Shape Models for Orthognathic Surgical Planning Using 3D Point-Cloud Deep Learning.

Orthognathic surgical outcomes rely heavily on the quality of surgical planning. Automatic estimation of a reference facial bone shape significantly reduces experience-dependent variability and improves planning accuracy and efficiency. We propose an end-to-end deep learning framework to estimate patient-specific reference bony shape models for patients with orthognathic deformities.

Estimating Reference Shape Model for Personalized Surgical Reconstruction of Craniomaxillofacial Defects.

Objective: To estimate a patient-specific reference bone shape model for a patient with craniomaxillofacial (CMF) defects due to facial trauma.

Methods: We proposed an automatic facial bone shape estimation framework using pre-traumatic conventional portrait photos and post-traumatic head computed tomography (CT) scans via a 3D face reconstruction and a deformable shape model. Specifically, a three-dimensional (3D) face was first reconstructed from the patient's pre-traumatic portrait photos.

Amorphous carbon modification on implant surface: a general strategy to enhance osteogenic differentiation for diverse biomaterials via FAK/ERK1/2 signaling pathways.

Bone implants play a crucial role in bone repairing. Nevertheless, low capability of osteoinductivity and osteogenic differentiation for bone regeneration are disadvantages of bone implants. Therefore, it is imperative to develop a general and facile technology to promote the bioactivity of existing implants.

Context-guided fully convolutional networks for joint craniomaxillofacial bone segmentation and landmark digitization.

Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans are commonly used in diagnosing and planning surgical or orthodontic treatment to correct craniomaxillofacial (CMF) deformities. Based on CBCT images, it is clinically essential to generate an accurate 3D model of CMF structures (e.g.

Evaluation of the postoperative stability of a counter-clockwise rotation technique for skeletal class II patients by using a novel three- dimensional position-posture method.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the postsurgical stability of skeletal class II patients after performing a counter-clockwise rotational (CCWR) procedure for the maxilla-mandibular complex (MMC) by using a novel Three-dimensional (3D) Position-Posture(P-P) measuring method. Twenty-five patients (5 males and 20 females) were included in this study. The postoperative CT scans of the skull were taken before surgery(T0), 3-7 days (T1), 3 months (T2), and 6 months (T3) after surgery.

3D bioprinting and in vitro study of bilayered membranous construct with human cells-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels.

Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting of cell-laden hydrogels is a potential technology for regenerative medicine, which enables the fabrication of constructs with spatially defined cell distribution. However, the limited assessment of rheological behaviors of hydrogel before printing is still a major issue for the advancement of 3D bioprinting. In this work, we systematically investigated the rheological behaviors (i.

Course of the mandibular canal in hemifacial microsomia: a retrospective computed tomography study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the anatomic course of the mandibular canal in patients with hemifacial microsomia (HM).

Study Design: In this retrospective study, 77 patients were included and stratified according to the Pruzansky-Kaban classification. The mandibular canal and the mandible were reconstructed on the basis of computed tomography data.

Overexpression of Dlx2 enhances osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and MC3T3-E1 cells via direct upregulation of Osteocalcin and Alp.

Genetic studies have revealed a critical role of Distal-homeobox (Dlx) genes in bone formation, and our previous study showed that Dlx2 overexpressing in neural crest cells leads to profound abnormalities of the craniofacial tissues. The aim of this study was to investigate the role and the underlying molecular mechanisms of Dlx2 in osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells. Initially, we observed upregulation of Dlx2 during the early osteogenesis in BMSCs and MC3T3-E1 cells.

Mussel-Inspired Polydopamine Coating: A General Strategy To Enhance Osteogenic Differentiation and Osseointegration for Diverse Implants.

Surface modifications play an important role in endowing implant surface with excellent biocompatibility and bioactivity. Among the bioinspired surface modifications, the mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDA) has aroused great interest of researchers. Herein, we fabricated PDA on diverse implant surfaces, including biopolymer, biometal, and bioceramic.

Dlx2 overexpression enhanced accumulation of type II collagen and aggrecan by inhibiting MMP13 expression in mice chondrocytes.

Genetic studies revealed a crucial role of Distal-homebox (Dlx) genes in skeletal development, and our previous study demonstrated overexpressing Dlx2 in neural crest cells led to abnormal cartilage structure, including ectopic cartilage in the maxillary region and nasal bone in mice. The aim of this study was to investigate how Dlx2 overexpression affects chondrogenesis in mouse chondroblast cell line TMC23 and the underlying mechanism. We first demonstrated that Dlx2 expression was upregulated during chondrogenesis in TMC23 cells.

Segmental Maxillary Distraction Osteogenesis With a Hybrid-Type Distractor in the Management of Wide Alveolar Cleft.

Objective: To investigate segmental maxillary distraction osteogenesis (DO) with hybrid-type distractor in the management of wide alveolar cleft.

Patients And Methods: Six patients underwent segmental DO with a hybrid-type distractor. After the success of DO and 3-month consolidation period, removal of the distractor was accompanied by alveolar bone graft with iliac bone.

Joint Craniomaxillofacial Bone Segmentation and Landmark Digitization by Context-Guided Fully Convolutional Networks.

Generating accurate 3D models from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images is an important step in developing treatment plans for patients with craniomaxillofacial (CMF) deformities. This process often involves bone segmentation and landmark digitization. Since anatomical landmarks generally lie on the boundaries of segmented bone regions, the tasks of bone segmentation and landmark digitization could be highly correlated.

Computer-Assisted Distraction Osteogenesis in the Treatment of Hemifacial Microsomia.

Purpose: To investigate the application of computer-assisted surgical planning and virtual guide in distraction osteogenesis for patients with hemifacial microsomia.

Methods: Eight patients diagnosed with unilateral hemifacial microsomia were enrolled in this study. Preoperative surgical planning and simulation were performed on three-dimensional model.

Computer-assisted navigation: its role in intraoperatively accurate mandibular reconstruction.

Objective: This article presents our experiences of computer-assisted navigation in mandibular reconstruction and evaluates its effectiveness.

Study Design: Eight patients who underwent navigation-guided mandibular reconstruction with a fibula free flap were reviewed. Under intraoperative navigation, the ideal positions of the mandibular angles and condyles were confirmed by the navigation probe.

Evaluation of computer-assisted mandibular reconstruction with vascularized fibular flap compared to conventional surgery.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of computer-assisted mandibular reconstruction with a vascularized fibular flap and compare it with conventional surgery.

Study Design: In this retrospective study conducted between February 2009 and December 2012, 8 patients underwent computer-assisted mandibular reconstruction, and 14 patients underwent conventional surgery. The accuracy of virtual surgical planning was determined, and the outcomes in the two groups were compared.

Anterior maxillary segmental distraction in the treatment of severe maxillary hypoplasia secondary to cleft lip and palate.

Anterior maxillary segmental distraction (AMSD) is an effective surgical procedure in the treatment of maxillary hypoplasia secondary to cleft lip and palate. Its unique advantage of preserving velopharyngeal function makes this procedure widely applied. In this study, the application of AMSD was described and its long-term stability was explored.

Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided Manufacturing Hydroxyapatite/Epoxide Acrylate Maleic Compound Construction for Craniomaxillofacial Bone Defects.

The aim of this study was to investigate the use of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing hydroxyapatite (HA)/epoxide acrylate maleic (EAM) compound construction artificial implants for craniomaxillofacial bone defects. Computed tomography, computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing and three-dimensional reconstruction, as well as rapid prototyping were performed in 12 patients between 2008 and 2013. The customized HA/EAM compound artificial implants were manufactured through selective laser sintering using a rapid prototyping machine into the exact geometric shapes of the defect.

Irf6-Related Gene Regulatory Network Involved in Palate and Lip Development.

Numerous genes including Irf6 have been revealed to contribute to cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P). In this study, we performed a systematic bioinformatics analysis of Irf6-related gene regulatory network involved in palate and lip development by using GeneDecks, DAVID, STRING, and GeneMANIA database. Our results showed that many CL/P candidate genes have relation with Irf6, and 9 of these genes, including Msx1, Pvrl1, Pax9, Jag2, Irf6, Tgfb3, Rara, Gli2, and Tgfb2, were enriched into the CL/P gene group.

Interdisciplinary Surgical Management of Multiple Facial Fractures With Image-Guided Navigation.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of interdisciplinary surgical management of multiple facial fractures with image-guided surgical navigation.

Patients And Methods: From 2011 through 2014, 36 patients with multiple facial fractures were enrolled in the study. With individual virtual 3-dimensional (3D) modeling, interdisciplinary planning and surgical simulation were carried out on an Accu-Navi software platform.

A correlational study of serum alkaline phosphatase level and developmental mandibular laterognathism.

The abnormal cartilage/bone metabolism in unilateral condyle may be a direct factor that contributes to developmental mandibular laterognathism. However, although many molecules have been demonstrated to play crucial roles in the development of temporomandibular joints, the exact molecular mechanisms that lead to the disrupted condylar cartilage/bone development were greatly unknown. In this retrospective study, our findings revealed that serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level in adult patients with developmental mandibular laterognathism was lower than that in control subjects, and the serum ALP levels continue to reduce in adult patients (>20 years old).