Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation induces motor network BOLD activation: use of a high precision MRI guided stereotactic system for nonhuman primates.

Background: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a powerful method for identifying in vivo network activation evoked by deep brain stimulation (DBS).

Objective: Identify the global neural circuitry effect of subthalamic nucleus (STN) DBS in nonhuman primates (NHP).

Method: An in-house developed MR image-guided stereotactic targeting system delivered a mini-DBS stimulating electrode, and blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) activation during STN DBS in healthy NHP was measured by combining fMRI with a normalized functional activation map and general linear modeling.

High-frequency oscillations in human temporal lobe: simultaneous microwire and clinical macroelectrode recordings.

Neuronal oscillations span a wide range of spatial and temporal scales that extend beyond traditional clinical EEG. Recent research suggests that high-frequency oscillations (HFO), in the ripple (80-250 Hz) and fast ripple (250-1000 Hz) frequency range, may be signatures of epileptogenic brain and involved in the generation of seizures. However, most research investigating HFO in humans comes from microwire recordings, whose relationship to standard clinical intracranial EEG (iEEG) has not been explored.