Correlation of the treatment sensitivity of patient-derived organoids with treatment outcomes in patients with head and neck cancer (SOTO): protocol for a prospective observational study.

Introduction: Organoids have been successfully used in several areas of cancer research and large living biobanks of patient-derived organoids (PDOs) have been developed from various malignancies. The characteristics of the original tumour tissue such as mutation signatures, phenotype and genetic diversity are well preserved in organoids, thus showing promising results for the use of this model in translational research. In this study, we aim to assess whether we can generate PDOs from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) samples and whether PDOs can be used to predict treatment sensitivity in HNSCC patients as well as to explore potential biomarkers.

Is there a role for [F]-FMISO PET to guide dose adaptive radiotherapy in head and neck cancer? A review of the literature.

Purpose: Hypoxia is a major cause of radioresistance in head and neck cancer (HNC), resulting in treatment failure and disease recurrence. F-fluoromisonidazole [F]FMISO PET has been proposed as a means of localising intratumoural hypoxia in HNC so that radiotherapy can be specifically escalated in hypoxic regions. This concept may not be deliverable in routine clinical practice, however, given that [F]FMISO PET is costly, time consuming and difficult to access.

The association of vascular loops within the internal auditory meatus or contacting the vestibulo-cochlear nerve with audio-vestibular symptoms. A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Intrameatal vascular loops (IVL) entering the internal auditory meatus (IAM) and neurovascular contact (NVC) with the vestibulo-cochlear nerve (CN VIII) have been proposed to have a relationship with audio-vestibular symptoms.

Purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine whether the presence of IVLs and CN VIII NVC on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is associated with tinnitus, sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) or vertigo and any specific subtypes.

Data Sources: All studies comparing the presence of IVL or CN VIII NVC in ears with these audio-vestibular symptoms and controls were identified through MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus and Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials databases.

ESR Essentials: imaging of middle ear cholesteatoma-practice recommendations by the European Society of Head and Neck Radiology.

Although non-malignant, middle ear cholesteatoma can result in significant complications due to local bone erosion and infection. The treatment of cholesteatoma is surgical, but residual disease is common and may be clinically occult, particularly when the canal wall is preserved or reconstructive techniques are employed. Imaging plays a pivotal role in the management of patients with middle ear cholesteatoma-aiding clinical diagnosis, identifying complications, planning surgery, and detecting residual disease at follow-up.

Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of cochlear and vestibular nerve calibre: a case-control study in Ménière's disease and endolymphatic hydrops.

Purpose: To compare the calibre of the cochlear (CN), superior vestibular (SVN) and inferior vestibular (IVN) nerves on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), both between Ménière's Disease (MD) ears and clinical controls, and between inner ears with and without endolymphatic hydrops (EH) on MRI.

Methods: A retrospective case-control study evaluated patients undergoing MRI for suspected hydropic ear disease from 9/2017 to 8/2022. The CN, SVN, IVN and facial nerve (FN) diameters and cross-sectional areas (CSA) were measured on T2-weighted sequences whilst EH was evaluated on delayed post-gadolinium MRI.

Deep learning for automatic segmentation of vestibular schwannoma: a retrospective study from multi-center routine MRI.

Automatic segmentation of vestibular schwannoma (VS) from routine clinical MRI has potential to improve clinical workflow, facilitate treatment decisions, and assist patient management. Previous work demonstrated reliable automatic segmentation performance on datasets of standardized MRI images acquired for stereotactic surgery planning. However, diagnostic clinical datasets are generally more diverse and pose a larger challenge to automatic segmentation algorithms, especially when post-operative images are included.

Assessing the optimal MRI descriptors to diagnose Ménière's disease and the added value of analysing the vestibular aqueduct.

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic performance and reliability of MRI descriptors used for the detection of Ménière's disease (MD) on delayed post-gadolinium MRI. To determine which combination of descriptors should be optimally applied and whether analysis of the vestibular aqueduct (VA) contributes to the diagnosis.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective single centre case-control study evaluated delayed post-gadolinium MRI of patients with Ménièriform symptoms examined consecutively between Dec 2017 and March 2023.

The impact of the size and angle of the cochlear basal turn on translocation of a pre-curved mid-scala cochlear implant electrode.

Scalar translocation is a severe form of intra-cochlear trauma during cochlear implant (CI) electrode insertion. This study explored the hypothesis that the dimensions of the cochlear basal turn and orientation of its inferior segment relative to surgically relevant anatomical structures influence the scalar translocation rates of a pre-curved CI electrode. In a cohort of 40 patients implanted with the Advanced Bionics Mid-Scala electrode array, the scalar translocation group (40%) had a significantly smaller mean distance A of the cochlear basal turn (p < 0.

MRI features to aid the identification of lateral temporal bone cephaloceles.

Objectives: To evaluate ancillary MRI features which may aid the identification of lateral temporal bone cephaloceles (LTBCs).

Methods: A retrospective cohort study analysed patients with MRI evidence of surgically confirmed spontaneous LTBCs as defined by intracranial contents traversing the tegmen tympani or mastoideum. Cases were identified from radiology and surgical databases.

CT and MRI of head and neck cutaneous lesions.

Cutaneous lesions are derived from the epidermis, dermis and cutaneous appendages. Whilst imaging may occasionally be performed to evaluate such lesions, they may be undiagnosed and demonstrated for the first time on head and neck imaging studies. Although usually amenable to clinical examination and biopsy, CT or MRI studies may also demonstrate characteristic imaging features which aid the radiological differential diagnosis.

Delayed post gadolinium MRI descriptors for Meniere's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Delayed post-gadolinium magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detects changes of endolymphatic hydrops (EH) within the inner ear in Meniere's disease (MD). A systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted to summarise the diagnostic performance of MRI descriptors across the range of MD clinical classifications.

Materials And Methods: Case-controlled studies documenting the diagnostic performance of MRI descriptors in distinguishing MD ears from asymptomatic ears or ears with other audio-vestibular conditions were identified (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus databases: updated 17/2/2022).

Imaging of human papilloma virus associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and its impact on diagnosis, prognostication, and response assessment.

The clinical behaviour and outcomes of patients with oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) may be dichotomised according to their association with human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. Patients with HPV-associated disease (HPV+OPC) have a distinct demographic profile, clinical phenotype and demonstrate considerably better responses to chemoradiotherapy. This has led to a reappraisal of staging and treatment strategies for HPV+OPC, which are underpinned by radiological data.

Localisation of the petrous internal carotid artery relative to the vidian canal on computed tomography: a case-control study evaluating the impact of petroclival chondrosarcoma.

Background: The vidian canal (VC) is normally a reliable anatomical landmark for locating the petrous internal carotid artery (pICA). This study determined the influence of petroclival chondrosarcoma on the relationship between the VC and pICA.

Methods: Nine patients (3 males, 6 females; median age 49) with petroclival chondrosarcoma, and depiction of the pICA on contrast-enhanced CT, were retrospectively studied.

Low Frequency Air-Bone Gap in Meniere's Disease: Relationship With Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features of Endolymphatic Hydrops.

Objectives: The appearance of low-frequency air-bone gaps (LFABGs) in Meniere's disease (MD) is a recognized but relatively unexplored phenomenon. Two theories have been proposed to explain their etiology: increased perilymphatic pressure resulting in either reduced stapedial mobility or dampened transmission of acoustic energy, and direct contact between the dilated saccule and the stapes footplate. The aim of this study was to evaluate these two hypotheses by comparing delayed postgadolinium magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of two groups of patients with unilateral definite MD, those with and without LFABGs.

Guidelines for magnetic resonance imaging in pediatric head and neck pathologies: a multicentre international consensus paper.

The use of standardized imaging protocols is paramount in order to facilitate comparable, reproducible images and, consequently, to optimize patient care. Standardized MR protocols are lacking when studying head and neck pathologies in the pediatric population. We propose an international, multicenter consensus paper focused on providing the best combination of acquisition time/technical requirements and image quality.

Automated Koos Classification of Vestibular Schwannoma.

Objective: The Koos grading scale is a frequently used classification system for vestibular schwannoma (VS) that accounts for extrameatal tumor dimension and compression of the brain stem. We propose an artificial intelligence (AI) pipeline to fully automate the segmentation and Koos classification of VS from MRI to improve clinical workflow and facilitate patient management.

Methods: We propose a method for Koos classification that does not only rely on available images but also on automatically generated segmentations.

Radiomic Analysis of Tumour Heterogeneity Using MRI in Head and Neck Cancer Following Chemoradiotherapy: A Feasibility Study.

Objectives: To evaluate interval changes in heterogeneity on diffusion-weighted apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps and T1-weighted post-gadolinium (T1w post gad) MRI in head and neck carcinoma (HNSCC), with and without chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) response.

Methods: This prospective observational cohort study included 24 participants (20 men, age 62.9 ± 8.

The European Society of Head and Neck Radiology Mentoring Programme: development and feedback during the first phase of the initiative.

There is increasing awareness of the benefits of formal mentorship programmes in radiology. In the context of the COVID 19 pandemic which impacted on education, professional engagement and networking within the wider radiological community, the European Society of Head and Neck Radiology (ESHNR) decided to develop a formal mentoring programme. The ESHNR mentoring initiative is novel in its scope, whereby European and international members of a subspecialty radiology society are matched into mentor-mentee pairings to disseminate good practice, knowledge and ideas.