Randomized Phase 3 Trial of the Hypoxia Modifier Nimorazole Added to Radiation Therapy With Benefit Assessed in Hypoxic Head and Neck Cancers Determined Using a Gene Signature (NIMRAD).

Purpose: Tumor hypoxia is an adverse prognostic factor in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We assessed whether patients with hypoxic HNSCC benefited from the addition of nimorazole to definitive intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT).

Methods And Materials: NIMRAD was a phase 3, multicenter, placebo-controlled, double-anonymized trial of patients with HNSCC unsuitable for concurrent platinum chemotherapy or cetuximab with definitive IMRT (NCT01950689).

Inter-departmental dosimetry audits - development of methods and lessons learned.

External dosimetry audits give confidence in the safe and accurate delivery of radiotherapy. In the United Kingdom, such audits have been performed for almost 30 years. From the start, they included clinically relevant conditions, as well as reference machine output.

Radiotherapy dosimetry audit: three decades of improving standards and accuracy in UK clinical practice and trials.

Dosimetry audit plays an important role in the development and safety of radiotherapy. National and large scale audits are able to set, maintain and improve standards, as well as having the potential to identify issues which may cause harm to patients. They can support implementation of complex techniques and can facilitate awareness and understanding of any issues which may exist by benchmarking centres with similar equipment.

A multi-institutional dosimetry audit of rotational intensity-modulated radiotherapy.

Background: Rotational IMRT (VMAT and Tomotherapy) has now been implemented in many radiotherapy centres. An audit to verify treatment planning system modelling and treatment delivery has been undertaken to ensure accurate clinical implementation.

Material And Methods: 34 institutions with 43 treatment delivery systems took part in the audit.

Distribution of haematological and chemical pathology values among infants in Malawi and Uganda.

Background: Data on paediatric reference laboratory values are limited for sub-Saharan Africa.

Objective: To describe the distribution of haematological and chemical pathology values among healthy infants from Malawi and Uganda.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among healthy infants, 0-6 months old, born to HIV-uninfected mothers recruited from two settings in Blantyre, Malawi and Kampala, Uganda.

Extended prophylaxis with nevirapine and cotrimoxazole among HIV-exposed uninfected infants is well tolerated.

Objective: Nevirapine and cotrimoxazole are associated with hematologic toxicities and skin-rash. Safety of their concurrent use for prophylaxis over extended periods among HIV-exposed uninfected infants has not been previously assessed.

Design: Secondary data analysis of the 'HIV Prevention Trials Network-046 protocol' (version 2.