Consensus Guideline for Care of Patients in the Prehospital and Aerospace Settings with Exposures to Hydrazine and Hydrazine Derivatives.

Objectives: Hydrazine (HZ) and Hydrazine Derivative (HZ-D) exposures pose health risks to people in industrial and aerospace settings. Several recent systematic reviews and case series have highlighted common clinical presentations and management strategies. Given the low frequency at which HZ and HZ-D exposures occur, a strong evidence base on which to develop an evidence-based guideline does not exist at this time.

Operational Considerations for Crew Fatality on the International Space Station.

While catastrophic spaceflight events resulting in crew loss have occurred, human spaceflight has never suffered an on-orbit fatality with survival of other crewmembers on board. Historical plans for management of an on-orbit fatality have included some consideration for forensic documentation and sample collection, human remains containment, and disposition of remains; however, such plans have not included granular detailing of crew or ground controller actions. The NASA Johnson Space Center Contingency Medical Operations Group, under authority from the Space and Occupational Medicine Branch, the Space Medicine Operations Division, and the Human Health and Performance Directorate, undertook the development of a comprehensive plan, including an integrated Mission Control Center response for flight control teams and Flight Surgeons for a single on-orbit crew fatality on the International Space Station (ISS) and subsequent events.

Postflight Rash and Skin Sensitivity Following a Year-Long Spaceflight Mission.

While skin conditions are commonly reported in flight on the International Space Station (ISS), postflight skin complaints have generally been limited to foot sole sensitivity upon reloading after landing. In this case report, we describe the postflight skin findings in NASA's first year-long crewmember. The crewmember was a 51-yr-old astronaut who spent 340 d in space on this mission.

Physiologic effects of simulated + Gx orbital reentry in primate models of hemorrhagic shock.

Introduction: While the physiologic effects of space travel are documented in healthy individuals, little is known about its impact on medically ill or injured persons. In this study, hemorrhagic shock in primates was used to model a potentially common pathophysiologic condition during exposure to gravitational forces simulating return from Earth orbit. This experiment did not model the effects of cardiovascular deconditioning that normally occur during spaceflight.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in microgravity: efficacy in the swine during parabolic flight.

Introduction: The International Space Station will need to be as capable as possible in providing Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Previous studies with manikins in parabolic microgravity (0 G) have shown that delivering CPR in microgravity is difficult. End tidal carbon dioxide (PetCO2) has been previously shown to be an effective non-invasive tool for estimating cardiac output during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.