Association of leptin and insulin with childhood obesity and retinal vessel diameters.

Objective: Childhood obesity is associated with an impaired retinal microcirculation. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between specific obesity-related biomarkers, physical fitness and retinal vessel diameters in school children.

Design And Subjects: We studied 381 children aged 10-11 years (body mass index (BMI): 19.

Long-term effects of tibial angular malunion on the knee and ankle joints.

Twenty-seven patients with 28 tibial fractures were evaluated for an average of 8.2 years (range 6.0-12.

Arthroscopy education.

The recent advances in technology, widespread use of arthroscopy in essentially any joint, combined with public awareness, has increased the demand on orthopedists to become proficient in arthroscopy. The orthopedic literature is essentially void of information regarding arthroscopic education for either residents or clinicians. This article presents a description of an arthroscopy lab for instruction in noninvasive surgical techniques.

A method of determining the angular malalignments of the knee and ankle joints resulting from a tibial malunion.

Malalignments of the knee and ankle joints resulting from tibial angular malunion can be determined using mathematical analysis. The angular deformity of the tibia is equal to the sum of the angular malalignments formed by the knee and ankle joints in relation to the horizontal plane. These malalignments are not equal.

Metabolism of glucose and glycogen in Limulus polyphemus in vivo.

1. As much as 70% of Tritium administered on C-6 of glucose is excreted as 3H2O within 3 hr, showing an extensive, rapid glycolytic degradation of glucose in Limulus. About 80% of the 14C found in Limulus blood one hour after injection of glucose-14C is in the anionic fraction.

Two hexokinases of Homarus americanus (lobster), one having great affinity for mannose and fructose and low affinity for glucose.

Two major hexokinases (ATP: D-hexose 6-phosphotransferases, EC 2.7.1.

Different developmental changes in latency for two functions of a single membrane bound enzyme: glucose-6-phosphatase activities as a function of age.

(1). The capacity for the synthesis of glucose 6-phosphate from PPi and glucose as well as for glucose-6-P hydrolysis, catalyzed by rat liver microsomal glucose-6-phosphatase, increases rapidly from low prenatal levels to a maximum between the second and fifth day, then slowly decreases to reach adult levels. When measured in enzyme preparations optimally activated by hydroxyl ions, the maximum neonatal activities were 4--5-fold higher than in adult animals and several-fold higher than had previously been observed for the unactivated enzyme.

A Limulus glucose-6-phosphatase with phosphotransferase activity characteristic of vertebrate liver microsomes. Its possible evolutionary significance.

1. Limulus hepatopancreas, coxal glands and intestine contain a particulate enzyme which can synthesize glucose 6-phosphate from glucose and inorganic pyrophosphate or carbamyl phosphate as well as hydrolyze glucose 6-phosphate. This has been clearly differentiated from hydrolysis by lysosomal or soluble phosphatases.