Enhancing sleep quality and memory in insomnia using instrumental sensorimotor rhythm conditioning.

EEG recordings over the sensorimotor cortex show a prominent oscillatory pattern in a frequency range between 12 and 15 Hz (sensorimotor rhythm, SMR) under quiet but alert wakefulness. This frequency range is also abundant during sleep, and overlaps with the sleep spindle frequency band. In the present pilot study we tested whether instrumental conditioning of SMR during wakefulness can enhance sleep and cognitive performance in insomnia.

Antileukotriene therapy for the relief of sinus symptoms in aspirin triad disease.

We studied the effect of antileukotriene therapy for the relief of sinus symptoms in patients with aspirin triad disease (ATD). We reviewed the charts of 18 ATD patients who had received antileukotriene therapy. All patients had undergone previous sinus surgery.

Sinus surgery in bone marrow transplantation patients.

Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is used in the treatment of a wide range of malignancies. It involves immunosuppression and increased risk of infections such as sinusitis. However, the risk of infection is much higher in allogeneic transplants than those who are replaced with their own bone marrow (autologous).

Factors influencing survival in ethmoid sinus cancer.

Nineteen patients with primary ethmoid sinus malignancies were treated at the Cleveland (Ohio) Clinic Foundation between 1976 and 1989. Pathologic diagnoses included adenocarcinoma (eight), sarcoma (four), squamous cell carcinoma (three), mucoepidermoid carcinoma (two), adenoid cystic carcinoma (one), and undifferentiated carcinoma (one). All patients underwent surgical resection: 13 had craniofacial resection, four had craniofacial resection/orbital exenteration, one had radical ethmoidectomy/maxillectomy/orbital exenteration, and one had transantral ethmoidectomy.

Carotid body tumors.

The surgical management of carotid body tumors requires identification and preservation of neural and vascular structures without compromising resection of the neoplasm. Fifteen patients were examined and treated for carotid body tumors at the Cleveland (Ohio) Clinic Foundation from 1979 through 1987. The benchmark of diagnosis is bilateral carotid angiography.

A high molecular weight cytotoxic lymphokine in supernatants of lymphokine-activated killer cells cross-reacts with transforming growth factor beta.

Supernatants of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells were highly cytotoxic for melanoma A375 cells. A high-molecular-weight fraction was isolated from such supernatants by gel filtration on an S-300 Sephacryl column (Fraction 1; Fr1). The cytotoxic activity in Fr1 was heat- and acid-resistant and was completely abolished by a rabbit antibody against TGF-beta.

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the parotid gland.

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the parotid gland is an uncommon malignancy. It can be diagnosed only after squamous cell carcinoma metastatic to the parotid gland has been excluded. Histologic evaluation must differentiate primary squamous cell carcinoma from high-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma or adenocarcinoma.

Off-axis folded laser beam trajectories in a strip-line CO(2) laser.

Using an rf-excited strip-line CO(2) laser with large lateral dimensions (a high Fresnel number) in a hemiconfocal optical cavity configuration, we observe modes that are distinctively off axial. They can be viewed as folded Gaussian beams with trajectories in the shapes of the letters M and W. Either of these modes can be isolated by suppressing the other mode through the introduction of a suitably positioned obstacle into the cavity.

Culture supernatants of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells contain a high-molecular-weight cytotoxic lymphokine.

Supernatants of human lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells grown in vitro were tested for cytotoxic activity against several mouse and human neoplastic cell lines. All LAK preparations tested (14/14) exhibited cytotoxic activity (40-90% killing of the target cells). Sephacryl S-300 Gel filtration experiments indicated that the biological activity of the LAK supernatant is associated with molecular moieties ranging from 800 kDa or more, to less than 10 kDa.

Histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (Kikuchi's disease).

Histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (Kikuchi's disease) is a benign disorder predominantly of young women who present with cervical adenopathy. It has, on occasion, been misdiagnosed as a malignant neoplasm. Little mention of this condition has appeared in the otolaryngologic literature.

An adhesion-defective variant of F9 embryonal carcinoma cells fails to differentiate into visceral endoderm.

Adhesion-defective EC cells were isolated from a population of mutagenized F9 cells by serial transfer of cells that did not adhere to gelatin-coated dishes. The variant cells grew in suspension as multicellular clusters of loosely aggregated cells. The cells adhered to, but did not flatten on, fibroblast monolayers and extracellular matrix produced by parietal-like endoderm.

Metabolism, distribution, seminal excretion and pharmacokinetics of caffeine in the rabbit.

The pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution and metabolism of caffeine were studied in male New Zealand White rabbits after an i.v. dose of 4 mg/kg.

Variant embryonal carcinoma cells lacking SSEA-1 and Forsmann antigens remain developmentally pluripotent.

Six embryonal carcinoma (EC) cell lines that are resistant to the cytotoxic, galactose-specific lectin abrin were isolated from mutagenized populations of either PSA-1 or F9 cells. The LD10 for each of the variant lines was at least 150-fold greater than that for parental cells. Indirect cytotoxicity tests demonstrated that all of the variant cell lines lacked both Stage Specific Embryonic Antigen-1 (SSEA-1, less than 1% of wild-type levels) and Forsmann antigen (less than 5% of wild-type levels).

Modulation of hepatic protein kinase activity by indomethacin.

We previously demonstrated that treatment with indomethacin in vivo significantly blunted the glucagon-induced glycemic response in the rat. This prostaglandin synthetase (cyclo-oxygenase) inhibitor also accentuated the evanescent effect of glucagon on hepatic glucose output in the intact, anesthetized rat. In this report, we present evidence that impairment of glucagon action in the rat liver by indomethacin is mediated through its inhibitory effect on both cAMP-dependent and cAMP-independent hepatic protein kinase.

Fibroblast feeder layers inhibit differentiation of retinoic acid-treated embryonal carcinoma cells by increasing the probability of stem cell renewal.

The appearance of differentiated cells in embryonal carcinoma (EC) cultures can be inhibited by culturing the cells on fibroblast feeder layers. To determine whether or not feeder layers act by increasing the probability of stem cell renewal, growth and differentiation were monitored in cultures of F9 (subclone OTF9 -63) EC cells exposed to retinoic acid (RA) in either the presence or absence of feeder layers. By measuring the fraction of laminin-positive TROMA 1-positive or alkaline phosphatase-negative cells, it was determined that the frequency of differentiated cells in RA-treated F9 cultures was reduced by 70-80% when cells were cultured on fibroblast feeder layers instead of gelatin-coated dishes.

Ontogeny of hepatic insulin and glucagon receptors and adenylate cyclase in rabbit.

In rabbit liver plasma membranes (LPM), specific binding of 125I-insulin rapidly increased in late gestation and peaked at birth, declining thereafter. In contrast, 125I-glucagon binding was lowest in late gestation, somewhat higher at birth, and increased by 48 h although only to 20-25% of adult. These changes in binding were due to changing numbers of receptors involving predominantly high affinity sites for insulin and low affinity sites for glucagon, with only minor changes in affinity.