Patterns of opioid use during initial buprenorphine/naloxone treatment in relation to changes in opioid management laws in Kentucky.

Background And Objectives: There is limited information on the most commonly used opioid reported at the time of presentation for treatment with buprenorphine/naloxone and the extent to which state policy may impact type of opioid use reported.

Methods: Retrospective study, total N = of 595 from four different medical locations from January 1, 2009 to July 1, 2016 that provided buprenorphine/naloxone treatment in Louisville, Kentucky. Study aims included identifying the most commonly used opioid at the time of treatment before and after the creation of a state-wide opioid prescribing surveillance system (ie, the 2012 House Bill 1 [HB1]), and determine the extent to which clinical setting, sex, age, and insurance type impacted type of opioid reported during the intake appointment.

Implementation of Rocking Chair Therapy for Veterans in Residential Substance Use Disorder Treatment [Formula: see text].

Background: Substance use disorder (SUD) and mental health diagnosis negatively affect Veteran homelessness.

Objective: Assess the acceptance and feasibility of rocking chair therapy as a self-implemented intervention for mood and substance cravings.

Picot: For homeless Veterans in SUD treatment, how does adding vestibular stimulation by use of a rocking chair compared with treatment as usual affect levels of anxiety and substance cravings?

Results: Two significant findings were observed.

Measuring a conceptual model of the relationship between compulsive cell phone use, in-vehicle cell phone use, and motor vehicle crash.

Objectives: Previous research suggests that anticipation of incoming phone calls or messages and impulsivity are significantly associated with motor vehicle crash. We took a more explanative approach to investigate a conceptual model regarding the direct and indirect effect of compulsive cell phone use and impulsive personality traits on crash risk.

Methods: We recruited a sample of 307 undergraduate college students to complete an online survey that included measures of cell phone use, impulsivity, and history of motor vehicle crash.

Time to Remission for Depression with Collaborative Care Management (CCM) in Primary Care.

Background: Collaborative care management (CCM) has been shown to have superior outcomes to usual care (UC) for depressed patients with a fixed end point. This study was a survival analysis over time comparing CCM with UC using remission (9-item Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-9] score <5) and persistent depressive symptoms (PDSs; PHQ-9 score ≥10) as end points.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 7340 patients with depression cared for at 4 outpatient primary care clinics was conducted from March 2008 through June 2013.

Technology-Enhanced Stepped Collaborative Care Targeting Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Comorbidity After Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and its comorbidities are endemic among injured trauma survivors. Previous collaborative care trials targeting PTSD after injury have been effective, but they have required intensive clinical resources. The present pragmatic clinical trial randomized acutely injured trauma survivors who screened positive on an automated electronic medical record PTSD assessment to collaborative care intervention (n = 60) and usual care control (n = 61) conditions.

Compulsive cell phone use and history of motor vehicle crash.

Purpose: Few studies have examined the psychological factors underlying the association between cell phone use and motor vehicle crash. We sought to examine the factor structure and convergent validity of a measure of problematic cell phone use, and to explore whether compulsive cell phone use is associated with a history of motor vehicle crash.

Methods: We recruited a sample of 383 undergraduate college students to complete an online assessment that included cell phone use and driving history.

Persistence of disability 24 to 36 months after pediatric traumatic brain injury: a cohort study.

This study examined the outcome of 0- to 17-year-old children 36 months after traumatic brain injury (TBI), and ascertained if there was any improvement in function between 24 and 36 months. Controls were children treated in the emergency department for an arm injury. Functional outcome 36 months after injury was measured by the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), the self-care and communication subscales of the Adaptive Behavior Assessment Scale-2nd edition (ABAS-II), and the Child and Adolescent Scale of Participation (CASP).

Association between posttraumatic stress, depression, and functional impairments in adolescents 24 months after traumatic brain injury.

The degree to which postinjury posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and/or depressive symptoms in adolescents are associated with cognitive and functional impairments at 12 and 24 months after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is not yet known. The current study used a prospective cohort design, with baseline assessment and 3-, 12-, and 24-month followup, and recruited a cohort of 228 adolescents ages 14-17 years who sustained either a TBI (n = 189) or an isolated arm injury (n = 39). Linear mixed-effects regression was used to assess differences in depressive and PTSD symptoms between TBI and arm-injured patients and to assess the association between 3-month PTSD and depressive symptoms and cognitive and functional outcomes.