Achieving tight glycemic control in the operating room: lessons learned from 12 years in the trenches of a paradigm shift in anesthetic care.

Intensive insulin therapy to control perioperative hyperglycemia has become the new standard of care for cardiac surgery patients. Although there are several published protocols for achieving tight glycemic control in the postoperative period, there are no such published protocols or even suggested methods for intraoperative control. At Providence St.

Characterization and assessment of an integrated matching layer for air-coupled ultrasonic applications.

A novel ultrasonic matching layer for improving coupling between piezoelectric transducers and an air load is presented and the results of a theoretical and experimental program of work are provided. A combination of a porous material that has very low acoustic impedance with a low-density rubber material forms the basis of the approach. These matching layers were first analyzed experimentally using scanning electron and optical microscopy to determine the microscopic structure.