Predictors of successful treatment of respiratory distress with aerosolized calfactant.

Introduction: Predictors for successful aerosolized surfactant treatment are not well defined.

Objective: To identify predictors for successful treatment in the AERO-02 trial and the AERO-03 expanded access program.

Methods: Neonates receiving nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) at the time of first aerosolized calfactant administration were included in this analysis.

Dexmedetomidine Use in Infants Undergoing Cooling Due to Neonatal Encephalopathy (DICE Trial): A Randomized Controlled Trial: Background, Aims and Study Protocol.

Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia encephalopathy (HIE) is the leading cause of neonatal death and poor neurodevelopmental outcomes worldwide. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH), while beneficial, still leaves many HIE treated infants with lifelong disabilities. Furthermore, infants undergoing TH often require treatment for pain and agitation which may lead to further brain injury.

A New Hour-Specific Serum Bilirubin Nomogram for Neonates ≥35 Weeks of Gestation.

Objective: To develop a statistically rigorous, hour-specific bilirubin nomogram for newborns based on a very large data set; and use it prospectively as a replacement for the 1999 Bhutani nomogram.

Study Design: This was a retrospective analysis of first total serum bilirubin (TSB) measurements from 15 years of universal bilirubin screening during birth hospitalizations at 20 Intermountain Healthcare hospitals. Hour-specific TSB values were assembled into a nomogram by percentile, and subgroups were compared.

Implementation and Outcomes of a Telehealth Neonatology Program in a Single Healthcare System.

Intermountain Healthcare, an early adopter and champion for newborn video-assisted resuscitation (VAR), identified a reduction in facility-level transfers and an estimated savings of $1. 2 million in potentially avoided transfers in a 2018 study. This study was conducted to increase understanding of VAR at the individual, newborn level.

Aerosolized Calfactant for Newborns With Respiratory Distress: A Randomized Trial.

Background: Exogenous surfactants to treat respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) are approved for tracheal instillation only; this requires intubation, often followed by positive pressure ventilation to promote distribution. Aerosol delivery offers a safer alternative, but clinical studies have had mixed results. We hypothesized that efficient aerosolization of a surfactant with low viscosity, early in the course of RDS, could reduce the need for intubation and instillation of liquid surfactant.

Neonates with suspected microangiopathic disorders: performance of standard manual schistocyte enumeration vs. the automated fragmented red cell count.

Objectives: To enhance the diagnosis of schistocyte-producing conditions, we compared routine manual schistocyte enumeration with automated fragmented red cell counts (FRCs).

Study Design: In neonates "suspected" of having sepsis, NEC, or DIC we compared manual schistocyte estimates vs. automated FRC counts.

The Effect Of A Newborn Telehealth Program On Transfers Avoided: A Multiple-Baseline Study.

Clinicians who rarely perform neonatal resuscitation exhibit skill deterioration. Telehealth addresses this challenge by facilitating video connections between neonatologists at tertiary care centers and providers at smaller hospitals. However, there is little empirical evidence about the benefits of telehealth programs for neonatal resuscitation.

The potential of transdermal nitric oxide treatment for diabetic peripheral neuropathy and diabetic foot ulcers.

The Center for Disease Control (CDC) estimates that 29 million Americans have diabetes, and 70% of diabetic patients develop diabetic peripheral neuropathy [1,2]. Up to 27% of the direct medical cost of diabetes may be attributed to DPN [3]. A 2013 article from the American Diabetes Association reported a $176 billion direct medical cost of diabetes in 2012 [4].

Teleneonatology: a major tool for the future.

Hospitals have, for centuries, maintained a central position in the health care system, providing care for critically ill patients. Despite being a cornerstone of health care delivery, we are witnessing the beginning of a major transformation in their function. There are several forces driving this transformation, including health care costs, shortage of health care professionals, volume of people with chronic diseases, consumerism, health care reform, and hospital errors.

Operational evaluation of pulse oximetry in NICU patients with arterial access.

Objective: To investigate pulse oximetry in neonates who require arterial access as represented by the clinical data recorded to manage their care.

Study Design: Analysis of simultaneous SpO(2) and SaO(2) from: 7-year historical NICU data (N=31905); 4-month prospective NICU data (N=566); verification data using two hemoximeters (N=52); and NICU data from two collaborating centers (N=95 and 168). The bias function (SpO(2)-SaO(2)) was regressed against the measured "gold" standard, SaO(2).