Proximal Tibial Osteotomies: Indications, Techniques, and Outcomes.

High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is a surgical procedure that can be used as a primary or as an adjunctive treatment for a variety of knee pathologies, most commonly isolated medial compartment arthrosis in a knee with varus alignment. More recently, indications for HTO have been expanded to include its use in combination with cartilage preserving techniques, to offload the effected compartment, and in conjunction with ligamentous reconstruction. HTO also has utility in delaying total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in select patients with favorable literature on future TKA outcomes.

An Increase in Same-day Discharge After Total Joint Arthroplasty During the COVID-19 Pandemic Does Not Influence Patient Outcomes: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused major transitions in total joint arthroplasty (TJA), notably with the increased utilization of same-day discharge (SDD) pathways. This study assessed the effect of accelerated discharge pathways following the resumption of elective cases during the COVID-19 pandemic on SDD rates, adverse events, and characteristics associated with successful SDD following total hip and total knee arthroplasty.

Methods: This retrospective study split patients into cohorts: TJA prior to COVID-19 (pre-COVID, July 2019-December 2019) and TJA following the resumption of elective surgeries (post-COVID, July 2020-December 2020).

Bone Marrow Edema, Clinical Significance, and Treatment Options: A Review.

Bone marrow edema (BME) is a descriptive term used to describe high-signal intensity changes detected on magnetic resonance fluid-sensitive sequences that could be attributed to a number of underlying pathologies. Regardless of the cause, physiologic remodeling of the subchondral bone can be limited because of ongoing joint forces, increased focalization of stress, and reduced healing capacity of the subchondral bone. BME is a known prognostic factor associated with pain, dysfunction, and progressive cartilage damage.

Patient Characteristics and Surgical Start Time Affect Length of Stay Following Anterior Total Hip Arthroplasty.

Background: Currently, no consensus exists for selection criteria of appropriate candidates for outpatient total hip arthroplasty (THA). This study evaluates patient characteristics associated with same-day discharge, examined surgical start time's effect on rates of same-day discharge, and compares readmission and reoperation rates between groups.

Methods: All patients who underwent a THA by one surgeon at a single quaternary care hospital between February 2016 and May 2018 were captured.

Short-Term Outcomes for the Biologic Treatment of Bone Marrow Edema of the Knee Using Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate and Injectable Demineralized Bone Matrix.

Purpose: To evaluate short-term outcomes for the biologic treatment of bone marrow edema (BME) of the knee using bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) and injectable demineralized bone matrix (iDBM).

Methods: We performed a review of prospectively collected data from patients who underwent treatment for bone marrow lesions (BMLs) of the knee using BMAC and iDBM (IntraOsseous BioPlasty; Arthrex, Naples, FL) between May 2017 and December 2018. Inclusion criteria included patients aged 18 to 65 years with the presence of BME on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in the subchondral weightbearing region of the tibia or femoral condyle, with pain corresponding to the same compartment.

Treatment of a chronically infected nasal silicone prosthesis with continuous antibiotic irrigation and gentamicin-impregnated polymethylmethacrylate beads.

Infected nasal alloplasts in revision rhinoplasty can be a complex problem, as timing between implant removal and reconstruction is the major limiting factor. Delaying reconstruction can result in loss of mechanical support, a constricted nose, and in severe cases, complete nasal airway collapse and respiratory compromise. In this case report, we describe a novel surgical approach for the management of a chronically infected nasal implant combining techniques used to treat biomaterial-associated infections: antibiotic-impregnated polymethymethacrylate beads and a continuous catheter-based antibiotic irrigation system.

Selective estrogen receptor modulators: tissue specificity and clinical utility.

Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) are a diverse group of nonsteroidal compounds that function as agonists or antagonists for estrogen receptors (ERs) in a target gene-specific and tissue-specific fashion. SERM specificity involves tissue-specific expression of ER subtypes, differential expression of co-regulatory proteins in various tissues, and varying ER conformational changes induced by ligand binding. To date, the major clinical applications of SERMs are their use in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer, the prevention of osteoporosis, and the maintenance of beneficial serum lipid profiles in postmenopausal women.