Optimising ePrescribing in hospitals through the interoperability of systems and processes: a qualitative study in the UK, US, Norway and the Netherlands.

Background: Investment in the implementation of hospital ePrescribing systems has been a priority in many economically-developed countries in order to modernise the delivery of healthcare. However, maximum gains in the safety, quality and efficiency of care are unlikely to be fully realised unless ePrescribing systems are further optimised in a local context. Typical barriers to optimal use are often encountered in relation to a lack of systemic capacity and preparedness to meet various levels of interoperability requirements, including at the data, systems and services levels.

Examining the social networks of older adults receiving informal or formal care: a systematic review.

Purpose: To address the care needs of older adults, it is important to identify and understand the forms of care support older adults received. This systematic review aims to examine the social networks of older adults receiving informal or formal care and the factors that influenced their networks.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted by searching six databases from inception to January 31, 2023.

Complex interventions for improving independent living and quality of life amongst community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: community-based complex interventions for older adults have a variety of names, including Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment, but often share core components such as holistic needs assessment and care planning.

Objective: to summarise evidence for the components and effectiveness of community-based complex interventions for improving older adults' independent living and quality of life (QoL).

Methods: we searched nine databases and trial registries to February 2022 for randomised controlled trials comparing complex interventions to usual care.

Reducing hospital readmissions amongst people experiencing homelessness: a mixed-methods evaluation of a multi-disciplinary hospital in-reach programme.

Introduction: People experiencing homelessness are at increased risk of experiencing ill-health. They are often readmitted to hospital after discharge, usually for the same or similar reasons for initial hospitalisation. One way of addressing this issue is through hospital in-reach initiatives, which have been established to enhance the treatment and discharge pathways that patients identified as homeless receive after hospital admission.

Finding the 'sweet spot' between customisation and workflows when optimising ePrescribing systems: a multisite qualitative study.

Objectives: The introduction of ePrescribing systems offers the potential to improve the safety, quality and efficiency of prescribing, medication management decisions and patient care. However, an ePrescribing system will require some customisation and configuration to capture a range of workflows in particular hospital settings. This can be part of an optimisation strategy, which aims at avoiding workarounds that lessen anticipated safety and efficiency benefits.

Optimizing Hospital Electronic Prescribing Systems: A Systematic Scoping Review.

Objective: Considerable international investment in hospital electronic prescribing (ePrescribing) systems has been made, but despite this, it is proving difficult for most organizations to realize safety, quality, and efficiency gains in prescribing. The objective of this work was to develop policy-relevant insights into the optimization of hospital ePrescribing systems to maximize the benefits and minimize the risks of these expensive digital health infrastructures.

Methods: We undertook a systematic scoping review of the literature by searching MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL databases.

Utilizing health information technology in the treatment and management of patients during the COVID-19 pandemic: Lessons from international case study sites.

Objective: The study sought to develop an in-depth understanding of how hospitals with a long history of health information technology (HIT) use have responded to the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic from an HIT perspective.

Materials And Methods: We undertook interviews with 44 healthcare professionals with a background in informatics from 6 hospitals internationally. Interviews were informed by a topic guide and were conducted via videoconferencing software.

Protocol for a qualitative study to identify strategies to optimise hospital ePrescribing systems.

Introduction: Electronic prescribing (ePrescribing) is a key area of development and investment in the UK and across the developed world. ePrescribing is widely understood as a vehicle for tackling medication-related safety concerns, improving care quality and making more efficient use of health resources. Nevertheless, implementation of an electronic health record does not itself ensure benefits for prescribing are maximised.

Obesity in young children and its relationship with diagnosis of asthma, vitamin D deficiency, iron deficiency, specific allergies and flat-footedness: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

There is evidence that a number of medical conditions and co-morbidities are associated with obesity in young children. This review explored whether there is evidence of associations with other conditions or co-morbidities. Observational studies of young children (mean age < 10 years) were identified using electronic searches of five databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, AMED and SPORTDiscus).

Assessing the acceptability of an adapted preschool obesity prevention programme: ToyBox-Scotland.

Background: Childhood obesity is a global public health issue. Interventions to prevent the onset of obesity in the early years are often implemented in preschool settings. The ToyBox intervention was delivered across Europe and targeted energy balance-related behaviours in preschools and children's homes through teacher-led activities and parental education materials and was adapted for use in Scotland.

A feasibility cluster randomised controlled trial of a preschool obesity prevention intervention: ToyBox-Scotland.

Background: High levels of childhood obesity have been observed globally over the last three decades. Preschools are promising settings to implement obesity prevention interventions in the early years. The aim of this study was to test the feasibility of a cluster randomised controlled trial of the ToyBox-Scotland preschool obesity prevention intervention.

A theory based evaluation of an intervention to promote positive health behaviors and reduce social isolation in people experiencing homelessness.

Homelessness adversely affects an individual's ability to access healthcare, opportunities for social interaction and recreational activities such as physical activity. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a community-based physical activity and peer support intervention on the health and wellbeing of homeless participants. This study employed semi-structured interviews to investigate the perceived impact of the Street Fit Scotland intervention on the health and wellbeing of 10 homeless adults.

Physical activity interventions in early life aimed at reducing later risk of obesity and related non-communicable diseases: A rapid review of systematic reviews.

To identify useful components of interventions aimed at prevention of childhood obesity and related non-communicable diseases (NCDs), which included physical activity and which targeted any or all of four life-course stages: peri-conception; pregnancy; infancy and toddlerhood (0 to 23 months); and early childhood (24 to 59 months). In May 2016, WHO Geneva searched the Cochrane Library and PubMed for systematic reviews of interventions including physical activity to prevent childhood obesity or risk factors for obesity-related NCDs. Using a narrative synthesis, the efficacy of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to alter energy balance outcomes (measures of weight status or body fatness) was characterized by life-course stage, study characteristics, intervention functions (as defined in the behaviour change wheel), and level of the socio-ecological model (SEM) targeted.

The Daily Mile: teachers' perspectives of the barriers and facilitators to the delivery of a school-based physical activity intervention.

Objectives: Children spend a significant amount of their time in a school environment, often engaged in sedentary activities. The Daily Mile is a physical activity intervention which aims to increase physical activity and fitness in children through the completion of an outdoor teacher-led walk or run during the school day. This study aimed to explore the barriers, facilitators and perceived benefits of the Daily Mile from the perspectives of teachers through the use of qualitative semi-structured interviews.

Credibility of subgroup analyses by socioeconomic status in public health intervention evaluations: An underappreciated problem?

There is increasing interest amongst researchers and policy makers in identifying the effect of public health interventions on health inequalities by socioeconomic status (SES). This issue is typically addressed in evaluation studies through subgroup analyses, where researchers test whether the effect of an intervention differs according to the socioeconomic status of participants. The credibility of such analyses is therefore crucial when making judgements about how an intervention is likely to affect health inequalities, although this issue appears to be rarely considered within public health.

Adapting the ToyBox obesity prevention intervention for use in Scottish preschools: protocol for a feasibility cluster randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: There is an increasing need for the adoption of effective preschool obesity prevention interventions to combat the high levels of early-childhood obesity in the UK. This study will examine the feasibility and acceptability of the adapted version of the ToyBox intervention-a preschool obesity prevention programme-for use in Scotland (ToyBox-Scotland). This will inform the design of a full-scale cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT).

Supporting the health and well-being of school-aged children through a school nurse programme: a realist evaluation.

Background: The school nurse's role varies across countries. In Scotland, the Chief Nursing Officer recommended that the role should be refocused. The refocused programme emphasises nine care pathways with a view to improve pupils' health and wellbeing.