Robotic Rectal Cancer Resection: A Retrospective Multicenter Analysis.

Background: Conventional laparoscopy has been applied to colorectal resections for more than 2 decades. However, laparoscopic rectal resection is technically demanding, especially when performing a tumor-specific mesorectal excision in a difficult pelvis. Robotic surgery is uniquely designed to overcome most of these technical limitations.

Can Surgery be Avoided After Preoperative Chemoradiation for Rectal Cancer in the Era of Organ Preservation? Current Review of Literature.

Approximately 10% to 25% of patients have a pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant chemoradiation. There is a compelling argument for attempting to avoid surgery in carefully selected groups of patients. Although nerve-preserving surgical techniques are now standard, the rates of urinary and sexual dysfunction are significant.

Anal cancer screening in HIV-infected patients: is it time to screen them all?

Background: Annual screening for anal cancer is recommended only for HIV patients at increased risk: men who have sex with men, individuals with a history of anogenital warts, and women with cervical dysplasia.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the screening outcomes between HIV populations with and without these risk factors.

Methods: We reviewed the records of all HIV patients referred for anal cytology and high-resolution anoscopy from June 2009 to June 2010.