The Impact of 12 h Night Shifts on Nurses' Driving Safety.

: The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of 12 h day vs. 12 h night shift-accumulated fatigue on nurses' driving safety. : Evidence across industries links work-related fatigue with errors, accidents, and adverse long-term health outcomes.

Working hours, sleep, and fatigue in the public safety sector: A scoping review of the research.

Background: The public safety sector includes law enforcement officers (LEO), corrections officers (CO), firefighter service (FF), wildland firefighting (WFF), and emergency medical services (EMS), as defined in the National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Across these occupations, shiftwork, long-duration shifts, and excessive overtime are common. Our objective was to identify research gaps related to working hours, sleep, and fatigue among these workers.

Sensitivity and specificity of pupillary light reflex measures for ASD using monocular pupillometry.

Introduction: Automated hand-held pupillometry demonstrates precision accuracy, offering promise for augmenting ASD screening.

Methods: Monocular pupillometry was examined in children and adolescents (36 ASD; 24 TD). Multiple logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic analysis assessed PLR metrics and diagnostic status.

Psychometric Evaluation of the Creighton Competency Evaluation Instrument in a Population of Working Nurses.

Background And Purpose: This study explored the psychometric properties of the Creighton Competency Evaluation Instrument (C-CEI), previously validated for use with nursing students, to assess simulation performance among registered nurses working 12-hour shifts. Valid and reliable measurements are needed to test clinical and simulation competencies and characterize the effects of fatigue on nursing performance.

Methods: Trained raters scored nurses' patient care performance in simulation scenarios using the C-CEI.

The effects of three consecutive 12-hour shifts on cognition, sleepiness, and domains of nursing performance in day and night shift nurses: A quasi-experimental study.

Background: Healthcare systems have widely adopted consecutive 12 h day and night shifts for nurses, but the effects of these shifts on cognition, sleepiness, and nursing performance remains understudied.

Objective: To determine the extent of changes in cognition and sleepiness in nurses working three consecutive 12 h shifts, quantify the respective impacts of these changes on different aspects of nursing performance, and investigate individual differences in all measures.

Design: A quasi-experimental, between-within design collected data from nurses between November 2018 and March 2020.

Sleep health and predicted cognitive effectiveness of nurses working 12-hour shifts: an observational study.

Background: Due to the 24hr nature of society, shift work has become an integral part of many industries. Within the literature there exists an abundance of evidence linking shift work-related sleep restriction and fatigue with errors, accidents, and adverse long-term health outcomes.

Objective: The study goal was to physiologically measure sleep patterns and predicted cognitive decline of nurses working both 12hr day and night shifts to address the growing concern about sleep restriction among healthcare workers.

Basic and applied science interactions in fatigue understanding and risk mitigation.

Research on fatigue often involves foundational research in service of addressing real-world problems. In the research discussed in this paper, we discuss this interplay between basic and applied science to highlight the contributions of basic science to informing policy and decision making to reduce risk and improve safety in this domain. We describe three areas of research-ground combat, flight operations, and fatigue countermeasures-where laboratory studies provide critical evidence regarding the causes and consequences of fatigue in applied settings, and discuss the role of that research in addressing real-world challenges.

Pupillary Response and Phenotype in ASD: Latency to Constriction Discriminates ASD from Typically Developing Adolescents.

Unlabelled: Brain imaging data describe differences in the ASD brain, including amygdala overgrowth, neural interconnectivity, and a three-phase model of neuroanatomical changes from early post-natal development through late adolescence. The pupil reflex test (PRT), a noninvasive measure of brain function, may help improve early diagnosis and elucidate underlying physiology in expression of ASD endophenotype. Commonly observed characteristics of ASD include normal visual acuity but difficulty with eye gaze and photosensitivity, suggesting deficient neuromodulation of cranial nerves.

Shift Work: Disrupted Circadian Rhythms and Sleep-Implications for Health and Well-Being.

Purpose Of Review: Our 24/7 society is dependent on shift work, despite mounting evidence for negative health outcomes from sleep displacement due to shift work. This paper reviews short- and long-term health consequences of sleep displacement and circadian misalignment due to shift work.

Recent Findings: We focus on four broad health domains: metabolic health; risk of cancer; cardiovascular health; and mental health.

Identifying psychophysiological indices of expert vs. novice performance in deadly force judgment and decision making.

Objective: To demonstrate that psychophysiology may have applications for objective assessment of expertise development in deadly force judgment and decision making (DFJDM).

Background: Modern training techniques focus on improving decision-making skills with participative assessment between trainees and subject matter experts primarily through subjective observation. OBJECTIVE metrics need to be developed.