Prospective Comparison of T1-SPACE and MPRAGE for the Identification of Intrinsic T1 Hyperintensity in Patients with Intracranial Melanoma Metastases.

Background And Purpose: Volumetric TSE (3D-TSE) techniques are increasingly replacing volumetric magnetization-prepared gradient recalled-echo (3D-GRE) sequences due to improved metastasis detection. In addition to providing a baseline for assessing postcontrast enhancement, precontrast T1WI also identifies intrinsic T1 hyperintensity, for example, reflecting melanin or blood products. The ability of precontrast 3D-TSE to demonstrate intrinsic T1 hyperintensity is not clear from the literature; thus, this study compares precontrast 3D-TSE and 3D-GRE sequences for identifying intrinsic T1 hyperintensity in patients with metastatic melanoma.

Improving the diagnosis of radiation necrosis after stereotactic radiosurgery to intracranial metastases with conventional MRI features: a case series.

Background: The distinction between true disease progression and radiation necrosis after stereotactic radiosurgery to intracranial metastases is a common, but challenging, clinical scenario. Improvements in systemic therapies are increasing the importance of this distinction. A variety of imaging techniques have been investigated, but the value of any individual technique is limited.

The incidence and significance of multicentric noncontrast-enhancing lesions distant from a histologically-proven glioblastoma.

Improvements in imaging are increasing the detection of multiple lesions in the setting of glioblastoma. Occasionally distant non-enhancing lesions may be identified which have the appearances of a multicentric low-grade glioma. We aimed to determine the incidence, prognostic significance and diagnostic value of this appearance in new glioblastoma patients.

Large anterior temporal Virchow-Robin spaces: unique MR imaging features.

Introduction: Large Virchow-Robin (VR) spaces may mimic cystic tumor. The anterior temporal subcortical white matter is a recently described preferential location, with only 18 reported cases. Our aim was to identify unique MR features that could increase prospective diagnostic confidence.

Hippocampal calcification prevalence at CT: a retrospective review.

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of intrahippocampal calcification at brain computed tomography (CT), evaluate any association with calcification involving the intracranial arteries or lentiform nuclei, and assess the clinical importance of intrahippocampal calcification.

Materials And Methods: Study approval was obtained by the Southern Health Human Research Ethics Committee, which waived the requirement for informed consent because of the retrospective nature of the study. The presence of intrahippocampal calcification was assessed by four readers through retrospective review of 300 randomly selected nonenhanced brain CT scans.

Susceptibility weighted imaging: a pictorial review.

Susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) is a valuable technique in the evaluation of a wide variety of intracranial pathologies. SWI is a gradient echo sequence utilising both phase and magnitude data to achieve exquisite sensitivity to tissue magnetic susceptibility effects. Normal SWI appearances and common artefacts are illustrated.

Diagnostic yield of computed tomography of the brain in first episode psychosis.

Introduction: Brain computed tomography (CT) is inconsistently recommended worldwide in the investigative algorithm of patients presenting with first episode psychosis (FEP). The objective of this study is to investigate the clinical efficacy of brain CT in patients presenting with FEP without neurological signs in a major metropolitan teaching hospital.

Methods: The CT brain scan reports of 237 consecutive patients, for which the imaging requests or reports provided a history of FEP but no focal neurological signs, were retrospectively identified within a 6-year period in a 750-bed tertiary referral teaching hospital using the radiology information system text-search function (170 male, 67 female; mean age, 28.

Women lose patella cartilage at a faster rate than men: a 4.5-year cohort study of subjects with knee OA.

Objectives: Patellofemoral knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disease, and a significant cause of knee pain, however few data have examined longitudinal change at the patellofemoral joint. The aim of this study was to examine factors affecting change in patella cartilage over a longer time period than previously examined.

Study Design: Longitudinal study of 77 subjects (58% female) with knee OA underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), with a repeat MRI of the same knee obtained approximately 4.

Comparison of 4 cm Z-axis and 16 cm Z-axis multidetector CT perfusion.

Objective: The aim of the study was to compare 4 cm with 16 cm Z-axis coverage in the assessment of brain CT perfusion (CTP) using. 320 slice multidetector CT METHODS: A retrospective non-randomised review of CTP performed on MD320 CT between September 2008 and January 2009 was undertaken. Two experienced readers reviewed the studies along with the 4 cm and 16 cm Z-axis CTP image data set.

Peri-aortofemoral prosthesis urinoma: diagnosis by Tc-99m MAG3 SPECT/CT and differentiation from simultaneous hepatobiliary excretion.

A 75-year-old woman developed renal failure 1 week after elective aortobifemoral bypass surgery. Postoperative computed tomography showed right hydronephrosis. Tc-99m mercaptoacetyltriglycerine (MAG3) scintigraphy was performed to exclude renal obstruction or acute tubular necrosis.

Hyperintensity in the subarachnoid space on FLAIR MRI.

Objective: The purposes of this essay are to illustrate the causes of FLAIR hyperintensity in the subarachnoid space and to outline the mechanisms of the findings.

Conclusion: FLAIR subarachnoid space hyperintensity may be encountered with both pathological conditions and artifacts. Knowledge of these conditions and appearances coupled with any associated findings may suggest the cause of the FLAIR subarachnoid space hyperintensity.

Silent embolism in diagnostic cerebral angiography: detection with diffusion-weighted imaging.

Angiography has known and documented risks of neurological events. We prospectively studied 20 patients who underwent diagnostic cerebral angiographic examinations and diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI). Eighteen patients had DWI before and after their angiogram, whereas two patients had a DWI only after their angiogram (DWI was normal in both of these patients).

Extracerebral cavernous hemangioma of the cavernous sinus: diagnosis with MR imaging and labeled red cell blood pool scintigraphy.

We present the case of a 64-year-old man with a presumed diagnosis of extracerebral cavernous hemangioma involving the cavernous sinus. The diagnosis was made on the basis of labeled red cell blood pool scintigraphy findings in conjunction with those of MR imaging. This lesion was not altered in appearance at 6-year follow-up MR imaging.

Anomalous communication of external carotid and vertebral arteries with associated intracranial parenchymal arteriovenous malformation: magnetic resonance angiography and angiographic findings.

A case of anomalous communication of the external carotid and vertebral arteries via a pro-atlantal intersegmental artery (PIA) with an associated intracranial parenchymal arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is presented. The course of the PIA is displayed by both conventional catheter angiography and by MR angiography (MRA). To our knowledge, neither an associated intracranial parenchymal AVM nor depiction of this congenital anomaly on MRA has been previously described.

Isolated intrapetrous carotid canal atraumatic internal carotid artery dissection: MRI and digital subtraction angiography findings.

A case of spontaneous internal carotid artery (ICA) dissection confined to the intrapetrous carotid canal that was confirmed by angiography and magnetic resonance imaging is presented. Isolated dissection involving the intrapetrous ICA is rare; however, whenever arterial dissection is a consideration, specific review of imaging in this region is warranted.

Rate of knee cartilage loss after partial meniscectomy.

Objective: Surgical removal of the meniscus of the knee is thought to be a risk factor for later appearance of knee osteoarthritis (OA). We examined whether there is a difference in cartilage loss in those who undergo a partial meniscectomy compared to healthy controls.

Methods: Eight patients who underwent a meniscectomy (5 partial medial, 3 partial lateral) and 13 controls with normal knee radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) had an MRI at baseline and at a mean 28.