Rationale for treatment options for mealtime glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes.

While glycemic control is routinely assessed using HbA1c and fasting glucose measures, postprandial glucose (PPG) is also an important contributor of overall glycemia. Furthermore, PPG excursions have been linked to complications of diabetes. This review examines the effects of glucose-lowering therapies (including treatments administered at mealtime) on postprandial hyperglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Anatabine supplementation decreases thyroglobulin antibodies in patients with chronic lymphocytic autoimmune (Hashimoto's) thyroiditis: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Context: Hashimoto's thyroiditis is less prevalent in tobacco smokers. Anatabine, an alkaloid found in Solanaceae plants including tobacco, has been reported to ameliorate a mouse model of Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Objective: The effects of anatabine in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis were studied.

The prevalence of anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Objective: Anemia is a complication of chronic kidney disease and may contribute to adverse clinical outcomes. Early identification and treatment of anemia may improve cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. No large-scale population data are available specifically for patients with chronic kidney disease regarding prevalence of anemia, subpopulations at risk, and relationships between anemia and kidney function.