Bike helmets prevent pediatric head injury in serious bicycle crashes with motor vehicles.

Background: Approximately 75% of all bicycle-related mortality is secondary to head injuries, 85% of which could have been prevented by wearing a bicycle helmet. Younger children appear to be at greater risk than adults, yet helmet use is low despite this risk and legislation and ordinances requiring helmet use among younger riders. We sought to determine whether bicycle helmets are associated with the incidence and severity of head injury among pediatric bicyclists involved in a bicycle crash involving a motor vehicle.

Characteristics and outcomes of extracorporeal life support in pediatric trauma patients.

Background: Extracorporeal life support utilizing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) techniques has been used in the pediatric population for numerous indications, but its use in trauma has been understudied. We sought to examine the indications, characteristics, and outcomes of children placed on ECMO for trauma and hypothesized that outcomes would be equivalent to those of patients placed on ECMO for other indications.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of all pediatric trauma patients in the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization registry from 1989 to 2018.

Window of Opportunity to Mitigate Trauma-induced Coagulopathy: Fibrinolysis Shutdown not Prevalent Until 1 Hour Post-injury.

Objective: The aim of this study was to delineate the kinetics of coagulation dysregulation after injury in children.

Summary Background Data: Trauma-induced coagulopathy is common and portends poor outcomes in severely-injured children. Transfer to pediatric trauma centers is common; time from injury to laboratory testing is therefore highly variable.

Concussion knowledge, attitudes and reporting intention among adult competitive Muay Thai kickboxing athletes: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Muay Thai kickboxing is a full-contact combat sport with a high incidence of head trauma, yet little is known about these athletes' concussion knowledge and attitudes. This study aims to describe and quantify concussion knowledge, attitudes, and reporting intention among adult competitive Muay Thai kickboxing athletes.

Results: This cross-sectional study comprised 193 competitive Muay Thai kickboxing athletes aged ≥18 years registered with the Thai Boxing Association Sanctioning Authority.

Oral Health in a Sample of Pregnant Women from Northern Appalachia (2011-2015).

Background. Chronic poor oral health has a high prevalence in Appalachia, a large region in the eastern USA. The Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia (COHRA) has been enrolling pregnant women and their babies since 2011 in the COHRA2 study of genetic, microbial, and environmental factors involved in oral health in Northern Appalachia.