Is There Harm in Debridement, Antibiotics, and Implant Retention Versus Two-Stage Revision in the Treatment of Periprosthetic Knee Infection? Experiences Within a Large US Health Care System.

Background: When faced with a periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) following total knee arthroplasty, the treating surgeon must determine whether 2-stage revision or "liner exchange," aka debridement, antibiotics, exchange of the modular polyethylene liner, and retention of fixed implants (DAIR), offers the best balance of infection eradication versus treatment morbidity. We sought to determine septic re-revision risk following DAIR compared to initial 2-stage revision.

Methods: We conducted a cohort study using data from Kaiser Permanente's total joint replacement registry.

Cruciate-retaining TKA is an option in patients with prior patellectomy.

Background: The recommendation for using posterior-stabilized (PS) implants in patellectomy patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is based on older case series with heterogeneous patient populations. The use of cruciate-retaining implants in these patients has not been evaluated with more contemporary implant designs.

Questions/purposes: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the survivorship and functional outcomes (Knee Society score, presence of an extensor lag, and range of motion) of cruciate-retaining (CR) TKA in patients with prior patellectomy.

Spontaneous rupture of the extensor carpi radialis brevis in a 51-year-old man: case report.

Dorsal hand osteophytes are common findings in the general population, frequently presenting with dorsal pain and treated with surgical excision. We report the spontaneous rupture of the extensor carpi radialis brevis in association with a previously asymptomatic dorsal scaphoid spur. Following conservative management, surgical excision of dorsal hand osteophytes should be considered for both resolution of pain and prevention of attritional tendon rupture.

A primate-specific, brain isoform of KCNH2 affects cortical physiology, cognition, neuronal repolarization and risk of schizophrenia.

Organized neuronal firing is crucial for cortical processing and is disrupted in schizophrenia. Using rapid amplification of 5' complementary DNA ends in human brain, we identified a primate-specific isoform (3.1) of the ether-a-go-go-related K(+) channel KCNH2 that modulates neuronal firing.

Further evidence for altered myelin biosynthesis and glutamatergic dysfunction in schizophrenia.

Recent studies have provided evidence for neuronal and oligodendrocyte-related abnormalities being associated with schizophrenia. However, the functional interplay and causal relationship between these two abnormalities is poorly understood. In this report, we provide data that identify myelin and fatty-acid biosynthesis dysfunction in schizophrenia based on post-mortem brain studies (prefrontal cortex) utilizing parallel metabolic and transcriptomics investigations.

Application and optimization of microarray technologies for human postmortem brain studies.

A number of microarray investigations using human postmortem brain tissue have been published recently, exploring a multitude of human brain disorders with the aim of unraveling the underlying pathologies. Although the technology is still developing and lacks sufficient sensitivity with regard to detecting splice variants and low abundance transcripts, microarrays are becoming the prominent method for candidate gene screening in complex neuropsychiatric disorders. The use of postmortem tissue harbors a variety of potential pitfalls, however, which could result in unreliable or, at worst, meaningless results.