Two pathways to understanding electron transfer in reaction centers from photosynthetic bacteria: A comparison of Rhodobacter sphaeroides and Rhodobacter capsulatus mutants.

The rates, yields, mechanisms and directionality of electron transfer (ET) are explored in twelve pairs of Rhodobacter (R.) sphaeroides and R. capsulatus mutant RCs designed to defeat ET from the excited primary donor (P*) to the A-side cofactors and re-direct ET to the normally inactive mirror-image B-side cofactors.

Hepatic SEL1L-HRD1 ER-associated degradation regulates systemic iron homeostasis via ceruloplasmin.

Iron homeostasis is critical for cellular and organismal function and is tightly regulated to prevent toxicity or anemia due to iron excess or deficiency, respectively. However, subcellular regulatory mechanisms of iron remain largely unexplored. Here, we report that SEL1L-HRD1 protein complex of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) in hepatocytes controls systemic iron homeostasis in a ceruloplasmin (CP)-dependent, and ER stress-independent, manner.

Shared Genomic Regions Underlie Natural Variation in Diverse Toxin Responses.

Phenotypic complexity is caused by the contributions of environmental factors and multiple genetic loci, interacting or acting independently. Studies of yeast and often find that the majority of natural variation across phenotypes is attributable to independent additive quantitative trait loci (QTL). Detected loci in these organisms explain most of the estimated heritable variation.