Capturing dynamical correlations using implicit neural representations.

Understanding the nature and origin of collective excitations in materials is of fundamental importance for unraveling the underlying physics of a many-body system. Excitation spectra are usually obtained by measuring the dynamical structure factor, S(Q, ω), using inelastic neutron or x-ray scattering techniques and are analyzed by comparing the experimental results against calculated predictions. We introduce a data-driven analysis tool which leverages 'neural implicit representations' that are specifically tailored for handling spectrographic measurements and are able to efficiently obtain unknown parameters from experimental data via automatic differentiation.

Impacts of United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 Scoring Change on Emergency Medicine Applicant Screening.

Background: The U.S. Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) Step 1 has been used as a screening tool for residency selection.

The Knowledge Gap: Mentorship in Emergency Medicine Residency.

Study Objective: Studies of mentorship in emergency medicine show that mentored residents are twice as likely to describe their career preparation as excellent as compared to nonmentored peers. There has been significant interest in the mentor-mentee relationship in medicine; however, there is minimal guidance and published literature specific to emergency medicine residents.

Methods: In this narrative review, we described the emergency medicine mentor-mentee relationship, discussed alternatives to the traditional dyadic model, and highlighted current barriers to effective mentorship.

Ketamine is not associated with more post-intubation hypotension than etomidate in patients undergoing endotracheal intubation.

Introduction: Emergency department (ED) patients undergoing emergent tracheal intubation often have multiple physiologic derangements putting them at risk for post-intubation hypotension. Prior work has shown that post-intubation hypotension is independently associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The choice of induction agent may be associated with post-intubation hypotension.

Pronounced interplay between intrinsic phase-coexistence and octahedral tilt magnitude in hole-doped lanthanum cuprates.

Definitive understanding of superconductivity and its interplay with structural symmetry in the hole-doped lanthanum cuprates remains elusive. The suppression of superconductivity around 1/8th doping maintains particular focus, often attributed to charge-density waves (CDWs) ordering in the low-temperature tetragonal (LTT) phase. Central to many investigations into this interplay is the thesis that LaBaCuO and particularly LaEuSrCuO present model systems of purely LTT structure at low temperature.

Diagnosing Achilles Tendon Rupture with Ultrasound in Patients Treated Surgically: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Achilles tendon rupture is a common injury with increasing incidence due to the rising popularity of high-velocity sports, continued physical activity of the aging American population, and use of fluoroquinolones and steroid injections. The diagnosis can often be missed or delayed, with up to 20% misdiagnosed, most commonly as an ankle sprain.

Objective: The aim of our study was to systematically evaluate the reported sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios of ultrasound for detecting Achilles tendon rupture in patients who were treated surgically.

Reproducibility of FDG PET/CT image-based cancer staging and standardized uptake values with simulated reduction of injected FDG dose or acquisition time.

F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT is widely used for oncologic imaging. This study aimed to evaluate, using data simulation, if reduction of injected FDG dose or PET acquisition time could be technically feasible when utilizing a sensitive commercial PET/CT imaging system, without sacrificing image quality, image-based staging accuracy, or standardized uptake value (SUV) accuracy. De-identified, standard of care oncologic FDG PET/CT datasets from 83 adults with lymphoma, lung carcinoma or breast carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed.

Large Cerebellar Stroke in a Young COVID-19-Positive Patient: Case Report.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), most frequently presents with respiratory symptoms, such as fever, dyspnea, shortness of breath, cough, or myalgias. There is now a growing body of evidence that demonstrates that severe SARS-CoV-2 infections can develop clinically significant coagulopathy, inflammation, and cardiomyopathy, which have been implicated in COVID-19-associated cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs).

Case Report: We report an uncommon presentation of a 32-year-old man who sustained a large vessel cerebellar stroke associated with a severe COVID-19 infection.

A BERIBERI UNHEALTHY LATTE: ENCEPHALOPATHY AND SHOCK FROM SEVERE NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY.

Background: Thiamine deficiency is an uncommon cause of severe illness in the United States that can lead to significant morbidity because of high-output cardiac failure, peripheral neuropathy, and permanent neurologic impairment. We report the case of a middle-aged woman with extreme malnutrition caused by complications of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery who presented with signs and symptoms of severe thiamine deficiency and septic shock.

Case Report: A 43-year-old woman who had undergone RYGB surgery and who had multiple complications presented to the emergency department with agitation, confusion, and lethargy.

Teaching Rapid Assessment Skills in Triage for the Emergency Medicine Clerkship.

Background: Rapidly assessing an undifferentiated patient and developing a gestalt for "sick vs. not sick" is a core component of emergency medicine (EM). Developing this skill requires clinical experience and pattern recognition, which can be difficult to attain during a typical EM clerkship.

Anomalous vortex liquid in charge-ordered cuprate superconductors.

The interplay between charge order and d-wave superconductivity in high-[Formula: see text] cuprates remains an open question. While mounting evidence from spectroscopic probes indicates that charge order competes with superconductivity, to date little is known about the impact of charge order on charge transport in the mixed state, when vortices are present. Here we study the low-temperature electrical resistivity of three distinctly different cuprate families under intense magnetic fields, over a broad range of hole doping and current excitations.

Predicting Progression to Septic Shock in the Emergency Department Using an Externally Generalizable Machine-Learning Algorithm.

Study Objective: Machine-learning algorithms allow improved prediction of sepsis syndromes in the emergency department (ED), using data from electronic medical records. Transfer learning, a new subfield of machine learning, allows generalizability of an algorithm across clinical sites. We aim to validate the Artificial Intelligence Sepsis Expert for the prediction of delayed septic shock in a cohort of patients treated in the ED and demonstrate the feasibility of transfer learning to improve external validity at a second site.

A Case of Covid-19 Diagnosed at Home With Portable Ultrasound and Confirmed With Home Serology Test.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has pushed us to find better ways to accurately diagnose what can be an elusory disease, preferably in a way that limits exposure to others. The potential for home diagnosis and monitoring could reduce infectious risk for other patients and health care providers, limit use of finite hospital resources, and enable better social distancing and isolation practices.

Case Report: We report a case of an otherwise healthy emergency physician diagnosed with COVID-19 at home using portable ultrasound, pulse oximetry, and antibody testing.

Predicting progression to septic shock in the emergency department using an externally generalizable machine learning algorithm.

Objective: Machine-learning (ML) algorithms allow for improved prediction of sepsis syndromes in the ED using data from electronic medical records. Transfer learning, a new subfield of ML, allows for generalizability of an algorithm across clinical sites. We aimed to validate the Artificial Intelligence Sepsis Expert (AISE) for the prediction of delayed septic shock in a cohort of patients treated in the ED and demonstrate the feasibility of transfer learning to improve external validity at a second site.

Phenytoin Toxicity After Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS).

Background: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) alters portal blood flow and may impact drug metabolism and bioavailability. However, little evidence has been published to provide guidance on medication alterations after TIPS procedures.

Case Report: We report a patient who developed phenytoin toxicity requiring a prolonged readmission after a TIPS procedure.

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) in an Adolescent that Developed Coronary Aneurysms: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Background: A small subset of pediatric patients develop a rare syndrome associated with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection called multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). This syndrome shares characteristics with Kawasaki disease.

Case Report: A 15-year-old girl presented to our Emergency Department (ED) with fevers and malaise.

Research and Scholarly Projects.

The idea of doing a research or scholarly project can be very daunting, however, the satisfaction of seeing a project to its completion is very rewarding. In this article, we provide medical students with guidance on whether they should take on a research or scholarly project during medical school, and how to get started, publish, and then present their project. We also highlight how such a project can benefit an applicant applying for residency training.

Iatrogenic Arterial Gas Embolism From Esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

Background: Arterial gas embolus (AGE) is a rare complication of esophagoduodenoscopy (EGD) that has been described in only a few case reports in the literature. The exact etiology remains unknown, but many of the cases share some common characteristics.

Case Report: We report the case of a 52-year-old otherwise healthy man who underwent outpatient EGD for a sensation of retained food in his esophagus.

Google Versus PubMed: Comparison of Google and PubMed's Search Tools for Answering Clinical Questions in the Emergency Department.

Study Objective: We assess which search tool returns the highest-quality, most relevant citations for standardized clinical questions arising at the point of care in the emergency department (ED).

Methods: Search terms related to 3 clinical questions commonly encountered in the ED were entered into 5 search tools. The following search engines and tools were assessed: Google Web, Google Scholar, PubMed, PubMed Clinical Queries set to narrow search, and PubMed Clinical Queries set to broad search.