SARS-CoV-2 innate effector associations and viral load in early nasopharyngeal infection.

COVID-19 causes severe disease with poor outcomes. We tested the hypothesis that early SARS-CoV-2 viral infection disrupts innate immune responses. These changes may be important for understanding subsequent clinical outcomes.

SARS-CoV-2 Innate Effector Associations and Viral Load in Early Nasopharyngeal Infection.

To examine innate immune responses in early SARS-CoV-2 infection that may change clinical outcomes, we compared nasopharyngeal swab data from 20 virus-positive and 20 virus-negative individuals. Multiple innate immune-related and transcripts increased with infection and were strongly associated with increasing viral load. We found widespread discrepancies between transcription and translation.

Emergency Department Observation Unit Utilization Among Older Patients With Chest Pain.

Background: Although some emergency department observation units (EDOUs) may exclude patients over 65 years old, our EDOU accepts patients up to 79 years old. We assessed the utilization of our EDOU by older patients (those 65-79 years old).

Methods: We prospectively enrolled emergency department (ED) patients with chest pain.

Family history of venous thromboembolism predicts the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism in the emergency department.

Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) clinical decision rules do not consider a patient's family history of venous thromboembolism (VTE). We evaluated whether a family history of VTE predicts acute PE in the emergency department (ED).

Methods: Over a 5.

The use of prehospital variables to predict acute coronary artery disease in failed resuscitation attempts for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Aim Of The Study: To determine the ability of readily available prehospital variables to predict acute coronary artery disease (CAD) as the cause of arrest in failed out-of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) resuscitations.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database of all adult cases of OHCA who underwent resuscitation attempts and later post-mortem examination by the state Medical Examiner (ME) over a 6 year period. Multivariable logistic regression modeling was used to identify predictors.

Characteristics of the first two years of applicants to a new emergency medicine residency program.

Background: To the best of our knowledge, no study has compared the effect of using the Electronic Residency Application Service (ERAS) on applicant pool characteristics for a new emergency medicine (EM) residency program.

Objective: We sought to compare applicants in an EM residency program's first year, in which the ERAS is not typically used, to applicants in year 2 (using ERAS).

Methods: We reviewed the applications to the new University of Utah EM residency program for the entering classes of 2005 (year 1) and 2006 (year 2).

Evaluating applicants to a new emergency medicine residency program: subjective assessment of applicant characteristics.

Background: Because of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) and the Residency Review Committee (RRC) approval timelines, new residency programs cannot use Electronic Residency Application Service (ERAS) during their first year of applicants.

Aim: We sought to identify differences between program directors' subjective ratings of applicants from an emergency medicine (EM) residency program's first year (in which ERAS was not used) to their ratings of applicants the following year in which ERAS was used.

Method: The University of Utah Emergency Medicine Residency Program received approval from the ACGME in 2004.

Scene transport of pediatric patients injured at winter resorts.

Objective: To examine the characteristics of pediatric patients (age =16 years) injured at winter resort scenes and transported by helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) or ground EMS (GEMS) ambulance services to regional trauma centers.

Methods: Between 1997 and 2001, a total of 119 patients (GEMS = 69; HEMS = 50) were identified from trauma registries and HEMS transport records. Demographic data, initial vital signs, hospital interventions, and discharge status of the two groups were examined.

Transport of winter resort injuries to regional trauma centers.

Introduction: This study examined the epidemiology of winter resort injuries presenting to regional trauma centers by helicopter (HEMS) or ground (GEMS) ambulance.

Methods: Five hundred seventy-five patients (GEMS 289; HEMS 286) were identified from trauma registries and HEMS transport records. Demographic data, hospital interventions, and discharge status were examined.

The 2003 Air Medical Leadership Congress: findings and recommendations.

To address important concerns facing the air medical community, 149 air medical transport leaders, providers, consultants, and experts met September 4-6, 2003, in Salt Lake City, Utah, for a 3-day summit-the Air Medical Leadership Congress: Setting the Health Care Agenda for the Air Medical Community. Using data from a Web-based survey, top air medical transport issues were identified in four core areas: safety, medical care, cost/benefit, and regulatory/compliance. This report reviews the findings of previous congresses and summarizes the discussions, findings, recommendations, and proposed industry actions to address these issues as set forth by the 2003 congress participants.

Evaluation of an electronic esophageal detector device in patients with morbid obesity and pulmonary failure.

Objective: Undetected esophageal intubation can result in permanent injury or death. Clinical confirmation of tube location may be misleading. Adjunctive methods should be used to supplement clinical judgment.